Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-kanyagana (infinitive kukanyagana)
- Reciprocal form of -kanyaga: to step on each other, to trample each other
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kanyagana
|
| Positive present
|
-nakanyagana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kanyagane
|
| Negative
|
-kanyagani
|
| Imperative singular
|
kanyagana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kanyagana
|
| Plural
|
kanyaganeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukanyagana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likanyagana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukanyagana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakanyagana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakanyagana/nakanyagana
|
tunakanyagana
|
| 2nd person
|
unakanyagana
|
mnakanyagana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakanyagana
|
wanakanyagana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakanyagana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kanyagani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikanyagani
|
hatukanyagani
|
| 2nd person
|
hukanyagani
|
hamkanyagani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakanyagani
|
hawakanyagani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kanyagani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takanyagana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takanyagana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kanyagane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikanyagane
|
tukanyagane
|
| 2nd person
|
ukanyagane
|
mkanyagane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akanyagane
|
wakanyagane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kanyagane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikanyagane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekanyagana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekanyagana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikanyagana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikanyagana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akanyagana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakanyagana
|
twakanyagana
|
| 2nd person
|
wakanyagana
|
mwakanyagana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akanyagana
|
wakanyagana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakanyagana
|
yakanyagana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakanyagana
|
yakanyagana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakanyagana
|
vyakanyagana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakanyagana
|
zakanyagana
|
| u(XI)
|
wakanyagana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakanyagana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakanyagana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakanyagana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekanyagana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakanyagana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakanyagana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikanyagana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokanyagana
|
| Consecutive
|
kakanyagana / positive subject concord + -kakanyagana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakanyagane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -kanyagana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kanyaganaye
|
-kanyaganao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kanyaganao
|
-kanyaganayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kanyaganalo
|
-kanyaganayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kanyaganacho
|
-kanyaganavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kanyaganayo
|
-kanyaganazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kanyaganao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kanyaganako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kanyaganapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kanyaganamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -kanyagana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekanyagana
|
-okanyagana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okanyagana
|
-yokanyagana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokanyagana
|
-yokanyagana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokanyagana
|
-vyokanyagana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokanyagana
|
-zokanyagana
|
| u(XI)
|
-okanyagana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokanyagana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokanyagana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokanyagana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms