Swahili
Verb
-kopiwa (infinitive kukopiwa)
- Passive form of -kopi
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kopiwa
|
| Positive present
|
-nakopiwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kopiwe
|
| Negative
|
-kopiwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
kopiwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kopiwa
|
| Plural
|
kopiweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukopiwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likopiwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukopiwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakopiwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakopiwa/nakopiwa
|
tunakopiwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unakopiwa
|
mnakopiwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakopiwa
|
wanakopiwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakopiwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kopiwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikopiwi
|
hatukopiwi
|
| 2nd person
|
hukopiwi
|
hamkopiwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakopiwi
|
hawakopiwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kopiwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takopiwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takopiwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kopiwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikopiwe
|
tukopiwe
|
| 2nd person
|
ukopiwe
|
mkopiwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akopiwe
|
wakopiwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kopiwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikopiwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekopiwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekopiwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikopiwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikopiwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akopiwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakopiwa
|
twakopiwa
|
| 2nd person
|
wakopiwa
|
mwakopiwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akopiwa
|
wakopiwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakopiwa
|
yakopiwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakopiwa
|
yakopiwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakopiwa
|
vyakopiwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakopiwa
|
zakopiwa
|
| u(XI)
|
wakopiwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakopiwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakopiwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakopiwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekopiwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakopiwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakopiwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikopiwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokopiwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kakopiwa / positive subject concord + -kakopiwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakopiwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikopiwa
|
-tukopiwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukopiwa
|
-wakopiwa/-kukopiweni/-wakopiweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkopiwa
|
-wakopiwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukopiwa
|
-ikopiwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likopiwa
|
-yakopiwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikopiwa
|
-vikopiwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikopiwa
|
-zikopiwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukopiwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukopiwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakopiwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukopiwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikopiwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kopiwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kopiwaye
|
-kopiwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kopiwao
|
-kopiwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kopiwalo
|
-kopiwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kopiwacho
|
-kopiwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kopiwayo
|
-kopiwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kopiwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopiwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kopiwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kopiwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kopiwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekopiwa
|
-okopiwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okopiwa
|
-yokopiwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokopiwa
|
-yokopiwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokopiwa
|
-vyokopiwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokopiwa
|
-zokopiwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-okopiwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokopiwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokopiwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokopiwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|