Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic كُفْر (kufr).
Pronunciation
Noun
kufuru class IX (plural kufuru class X)
- blasphemy (irreverence toward something sacred)
- an instance of profanity (a swear word)
Verb
-kufuru (infinitive kukufuru)
- to blaspheme or curse
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kufuru
|
| Positive present
|
-nakufuru
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kufuru
|
| Negative
|
-kufuru
|
| Imperative singular
|
kufuru
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kufuru
|
| Plural
|
kufuruni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukufuru
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likufuru
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukufuru
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakufuru)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakufuru/nakufuru
|
tunakufuru
|
| 2nd person
|
unakufuru
|
mnakufuru
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakufuru
|
wanakufuru
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakufuru
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kufuru)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikufuru
|
hatukufuru
|
| 2nd person
|
hukufuru
|
hamkufuru
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakufuru
|
hawakufuru
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kufuru
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takufuru
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takufuru
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kufuru)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikufuru
|
tukufuru
|
| 2nd person
|
ukufuru
|
mkufuru
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akufuru
|
wakufuru
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kufuru
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikufuru
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekufuru
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekufuru
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikufuru
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikufuru
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akufuru)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakufuru
|
twakufuru
|
| 2nd person
|
wakufuru
|
mwakufuru
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akufuru
|
wakufuru
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakufuru
|
yakufuru
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakufuru
|
yakufuru
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakufuru
|
vyakufuru
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakufuru
|
zakufuru
|
| u(XI)
|
wakufuru
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakufuru
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakufuru
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakufuru
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekufuru
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakufuru
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakufuru
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikufuru
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokufuru
|
| Consecutive
|
kakufuru / positive subject concord + -kakufuru
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakufuru
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nikufuru
|
-tukufuru
|
| 2nd person
|
-kukufuru
|
-wakufuru/-kukufuruni/-wakufuruni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mkufuru
|
-wakufuru
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ukufuru
|
-ikufuru
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-likufuru
|
-yakufuru
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kikufuru
|
-vikufuru
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ikufuru
|
-zikufuru
|
| u(XI)
|
-ukufuru
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kukufuru
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pakufuru
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mukufuru
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jikufuru
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kufuru- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kufuruye
|
-kufuruo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kufuruo
|
-kufuruyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kufurulo
|
-kufuruyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kufurucho
|
-kufuruvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kufuruyo
|
-kufuruzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kufuruo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kufuruko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kufurupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kufurumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kufuru)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekufuru
|
-okufuru
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okufuru
|
-yokufuru
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokufuru
|
-yokufuru
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokufuru
|
-vyokufuru
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokufuru
|
-zokufuru
|
| u(XI)
|
-okufuru
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokufuru
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokufuru
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokufuru
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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