lupa

Borrowed from Spanish lupa, from French loupe.

lupa inan

1. magnifying glass

Borrowed from French loupe.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈlu.pə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈlu.pa]

lupa f (plural lupes)

1. magnifying glass

• “lupa”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

• IPA^(key): [ˈlupa]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -upa

lupa f

1. magnifying glass

• “lupa”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “lupa”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “lupa”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

From lupo +‎ -a.

• IPA^(key): /ˈlupa/
• Rhymes: -upa
• Hyphenation: lu‧pa

lupa

1. lupine; concerning wolves

From Proto-Finnic *lupa, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”) (note the descendant Old Norse lof (“praise, permission”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”). Attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (16th century).

• IPA^(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈlupɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -upɑ
• Syllabification^(key): lu‧pa
• Hyphenation^(key): lu‧pa

lupa [with illative ‘to’; or with first infinitive ‘to do’ (or the illative of the verbal noun)]

1. permission

   Minulla on lupa olla poissa koulusta tänään.

   I have permission to be absent from the school today.

   Minulla on lupa ampumiseen.

   I have permission to shoot.

   1. (law) leave

      valituslupa ― leave to appeal

2. license, permit
3. clearance (permission for a vehicle to proceed, or for a person to travel)

• Häkkinen, Kaisa (2013). Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja. Helsinki: Sanoma Pro OY. →ISBN.

• “lupa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

• Paul, pula

lupa f (plural lupas)

1. magnifying glass

Inherited from Malay lupa, from Proto-Malayic *lupa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa. Compare to Tetum luha (“to forget”), Yamdena namlufe (“to forget”), Nias olifu.

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈlupa/ [ˈlu.pa]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -upa
• Syllabification: lu‧pa

lupa

1. to forget

   Synonyms: melupakan, melupai

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*lupa”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• “lupa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

From Proto-Finnic *lupa. Cognates include Finnish lupa and Estonian luba.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫupɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫub̥ɑ]
• Rhymes: -upɑ
• Hyphenation: lu‧pa

lupa

1. permission

Declension of lupa (type 3/koira, p-v gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	lupa	luvat
genitive	luvan	luppiin
partitive	luppaa	luppia
illative	luppaa	luppii
inessive	luvas	luvis
elative	luvast	luvist
allative	luvalle	luville
adessive	luval	luvil
ablative	luvalt	luvilt
translative	luvaks	luviks
essive	lupanna, luppaan	lupinna, luppiin
exessive1)	lupant	lupint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 24
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 278

For Vulgar Latin *lūpa instead of the attested Latin lupa, also reflected by Piedmontese luv and luva, perhaps onomatopoeic of the wolf's howling. Similarly unexpected is French loup (despite Old French leu).

• IPA^(key): /ˈlu.pa/
• Rhymes: -upa
• Hyphenation: lù‧pa

lupa f (plural lupe)

1. female equivalent of lupo: she-wolf

• lupanare

• pula

From Sanskrit रूप (rūpa). Compare Ilocano rupa, and Malay rupa.

lupa

1. face

From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).

lupa (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])

1. permission

From Greater Central Philippine *lupaʔ (“earth”). Compare Tagalog lupa, and Tausug lupa. Possibly related to Sanskrit रुप् (rúp, “earth”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈlupaʔ/, [ˈlu.paʔ]

lupà

1. earth; ground; soil

• pula

From lupus (“wolf”) +‎ -a (feminine suffix). The sense “prostitute” is either a comparison of the prostitutes' predation on men to the wolf's rapacity,^[1] as also in Isidore's (often fanciful) opinion,^[2] or a reference to the she-wolf's uncleanliness and promiscuity (often culturally conflated), paralleled in English bitch.^[3]

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɫʊ.pa]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈluː.pa]

lupa f (genitive lupae); first declension

1. she-wolf
2. (slang) prostitute

First-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -īs or dative/ablative plural in -ābus).

• lupānar

• “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “lupa”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa.

• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): /ˈlupə/ [ˈlu.pə]
  • Rhymes: -upə, -ə

• (Baku) IPA^(key): /ˈlupa/ [ˈlu.pa]
  • Rhymes: -upa, -a
• Hyphenation: lu‧pa

lupa (Jawi spelling لوڤا)

1. to forget

   Aku sudah lupa yang dia sudah berpindah!

   I've forgotten that she's moved away!

• “lupa” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

• lupen

lupa m or f

1. definite feminine singular of lupe

lupa f (definite singular lupa, indefinite plural luper or lupor, definite plural lupene or lupone)

1. (pre-2012) alternative form of lupe
2. definite singular of lupe

• Paul, laup, pula

Borrowed from French loupe, from Middle French loupe, from Old French loupe, from Frankish *luppa, from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ, *lub-, from Proto-Indo-European *lep-.

• IPA^(key): /ˈlu.pa/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -upa
• Syllabification: lu‧pa

lupa f

1. magnifying glass

• lupa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• lupa in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Borrowed from French loupe.^[1]

• Rhymes: -upɐ
• Hyphenation: lu‧pa

lupa f (plural lupas)

1. magnifying glass
2. stereomicroscope

   Synonym: estereomicroscópio

• IPA^(key): /lupa/
• Hyphenation: lu‧pa

From Latin lupa.

lupa f (plural lupi)

1. she-wolf

From Latin lupus (“wolf”).

lupa f (plural lupi)

1. uncontrollable hunger

From the sound of brogna during the fog.

lupa f (plural lupi)

1. fog, mist, especially on the sea

Borrowed from French loupe. Compare English loupe.

• IPA^(key): /ˈlupa/ [ˈlu.pa]
• Rhymes: -upa
• Syllabification: lu‧pa

lupa f (plural lupas)

1. magnifying glass

• → Basque: lupa

• “lupa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

From Greater Central Philippine *lupaʔ (“earth”). Compare Maranao lopa', Maguindanao lopa, and Tausug lupa'. Possibly related to Sanskrit रुप् (rúp, “earth”). An alternate etymology posits it to be from Malay rupa (“form, appearance”), from Sanskrit रूप (rūpa, “outward appearance, color, form, shape”). Compare Ilocano rupa.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈlupaʔ/ [ˈluː.pɐʔ]
• Rhymes: -upaʔ
• Syllabification: lu‧pa

lupà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜉ)

1. earth; ground; soil

   Synonym: (uncommon) tiyera

2. (by extension, uncommon) clay

   Synonym: luwad

   bangang lupa ― clay jar

3. earth; world

   Synonyms: mundo, daigdig

4. (figurative) country; nation

   Synonyms: bayan, bansa

   tinubuang lupa ― motherland / country of birth (literally, “land where sprouted”)

5. land property
6. basement; ground floor; downstairs

   Synonym: silong

7. (obsolete) act of owning a land property
8. (obsolete) embankment

• lupalop

• “lupa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎^[4], La Noble Villa de Pila
  • page 2: “Abajo) Lupa (pp) en la tierra”
  • page 105: “Barro) Lupa (pp) la brado en cantaros o ollas, o el yama ſado ꝑa la brallas”
  • page 492: “Poſeſion) Lupa (pp) tierra o ſembrado”
  • page 573: “Terraplenar) Lupa (pp) algo”
  • page 574: “Tierra) Lupa (pp) la que piſamos”

• pula, ulap

From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫupɑ]
• Rhymes: -upɑ
• Hyphenation: lu‧pa

lupa

1. permission

Declension of lupa (type V/poikõ, p-v gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	lupa	luvad
genitive	luva	lupijõ, lupii
partitive	luppa	lupiitõ, lupii
illative	luppasõ, luppa	lupiisõ
inessive	luvaz	lupiiz
elative	luvassõ	lupiissõ
allative	luvalõ	lupiilõ
adessive	luvallõ	lupiillõ
ablative	luvaltõ	lupiiltõ
translative	luvassi	lupiissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

• IPA^(key): /ˈl̪u.pa/

lupa

1. (stative) to be aflame

• James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎^[5], Pacific linguistics