pula
Acehnese • Albanian • Bikol Central • Cebuano • Chichewa • Dalmatian • Finnish • Galician • Indonesian • Italian • Maguindanao • Malay • Northern Sotho • Norwegian Nynorsk • Pipil • Pitjantjatjara • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Romansch • Sotho • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Tausug • Tswana • Volapük • Turkish • Waray-Waray • West Makian • Xhosa
Page categories
English
Etymology
From Tswana pula, Northern Sotho pula, and Sotho pula (“rain”), all from Proto-Bantu *mbúdà.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /pʊlə/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
- (General American) enPR: po͞olʹä, IPA(key): /puːlɑː/
- Homophone: puller (UK, non-rhotic)
Noun
pula
- (Southern Africa) Rain, used as an expression of greeting or good luck.
- The currency of Botswana, divided into 100 thebe.
Anagrams
Acehnese
Etymology
From Proto-Austronesian *mula
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pula/
Verb
pula
- to plant
Derived terms
- meupula
- peumula
- peunula
- teupula
Albanian
Noun
pula
- inflection of pulë:
- definite nominative singular
- indefinite nominative/accusative plural
Bikol Central
Etymology 1
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pula.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: pu‧la
- IPA(key): /puˈla/ [puˈl̪a]
Adjective
pulá
- red (color/colour)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: pu‧la
- IPA(key): /ˈpula/ [ˈpu.l̪a]
Noun
púla
- mute, a person unable to speak
Cebuano
Alternative forms
- puwa — Metro Cebu, Bohol, Leyte
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pula.
Pronunciation
- (Sialo) IPA(key): /puˈla/ [pʊˈl̪a]
- (Metro Cebu, Bohol, Leyte) IPA(key): /puˈa/ [ˈpwa]
- Hyphenation: pu‧la
Adjective
pulá
- red (color/colour)
Noun
pulá
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:pula.
Chichewa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpu.ɽa/
Verb
-pula (infinitive kupúla)
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- Nominal derivations:
- chipula (“knife”)
References
- Steven Paas (2016) Oxford Chichewa-English/English - Chichewa Dictionary[2], Oxford University Press, page 475
Dalmatian
Etymology
Possibly from Vulgar Latin *pūbula, from Latin pūbes, or more likely from pulla, feminine of pullus. Compare Romanian pulă, Aromanian pulã, Catalan and Spanish polla.
Noun
pula f
Finnish
Etymology
Originally an opening in the ice into which a man has fallen or may fall. Probably onomatopoeic imitating the associated sound of water, compare pulahtaa (possibly a back-formation).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpulɑ/, [ˈpulɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ulɑ
- Syllabification(key): pu‧la
- Hyphenation(key): pu‧la
Noun
pula
- shortage [with elative ‘of’]
- (economy) an economic crisis characterized by shortage of goods and/or means to buy them; a depression, slump
- trouble, scrape, pinch, deep water, urgent situation
- olla pulassa ― to be in trouble
- joutua pulaan ― to get in trouble
Declension
Inflection of pula (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | pula | pulat | |
genitive | pulan | pulien | |
partitive | pulaa | pulia | |
illative | pulaan | puliin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | pula | pulat | |
accusative | nom. | pula | pulat |
gen. | pulan | ||
genitive | pulan | pulien pulain rare | |
partitive | pulaa | pulia | |
inessive | pulassa | pulissa | |
elative | pulasta | pulista | |
illative | pulaan | puliin | |
adessive | pulalla | pulilla | |
ablative | pulalta | pulilta | |
allative | pulalle | pulille | |
essive | pulana | pulina | |
translative | pulaksi | puliksi | |
abessive | pulatta | pulitta | |
instructive | — | pulin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of pula (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
- jättää pulaan
- pulaan (“into difficulties”)
- pulassa (“in a pinch”)
- pulia (“to swim”)
Further reading
- “pula”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023
Anagrams
Galician
Verb
pula
- inflection of pulir:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
- inflection of pular:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈpula/ [ˈpu.la]
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: pu‧la
Adverb
pula
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpu.la/
- Rhymes: -ula
- Hyphenation: pù‧la
Etymology 1
Noun
pula f (plural pule)
Etymology 2
From a regional form of Italian polizia, that is pulizia.
Noun
pula
Anagrams
Maguindanao
Noun
pula
Malay
Alternative forms
- pulak (colloquial, pronunciation spelling)
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- (Malaysia, Singapore, colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈpulak/ [ˈpu.laʔ]
- Rhymes: -ulak
- (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): /ˈpulə/ [ˈpu.lə]
- Rhymes: -ulə
- (Baku, Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /ˈpula/ [ˈpu.la]
- Rhymes: -ula
- Hyphenation: pu‧la
Adverb
pula (Jawi spelling ڤولا)
- in turn (having a relationship sequentially comparable to one just mentioned; accordingly or similarly; with respect to sequence, precedence, or hierarchy)
- 2018 August 14, Mohamad Asyramisyanie, “39 pasukan bakal berentap [39 teams bound to compete]”, in Media Permata[4], archived from the original on 30 October 2018:
- Bagi Kumpulan C pula akan disertai oleh Pasukan BSRC Veteran, PSJD, Rimba Star, IV Team (DST) dan Azadi FT. Dalam Kumpulan D pula akan disertai oleh Pasukan ITF, Manggis FC, SM FC, Mengelela FC dan PMS.
- Group C, in turn, will be joined by BSRC Veteran Team, PSJD, Rimba Star, IV Team (DST) and Azadi FT, while Group D, in turn, will be joined by ITF Team, Manggis FC, SM FC, Mengelela FC and PMS.
Further reading
- “pula” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Northern Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mbúdà.
Noun
pula
Norwegian Nynorsk
Verb
pula (present tense puler, past tense pulte, past participle pult, passive infinitive pulast, present participle pulande, imperative pul)
- alternative form of pule
Pipil
Etymology
From Spanish plátano (“plantain”).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): /ˈpula/
Noun
pula (plural pujpula)
- plantain
- Asi se siwat wan se takat kiwikat se pula tishkal
- A woman and a man arrived and brought roasted plantain
Pitjantjatjara
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpʊlɐ]
Pronoun
pula (third person dual, accusative pulanya, possessive/purposive pulampa, locative pulala)
- they two
Related terms
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
first person | ngayulu (I) Bound form: -ṉa |
ngali (we two) Bound form: -li |
nganaṉa (we, more than two) Bound form: -la |
second person | nyuntu (you) Bound form: -n |
nyupali (you two) | nyura (you, more than two) |
third person | paluṟu (he/she/it) | pula (they two) | tjana (they, more than two) Bound form: -ya |
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpu.la/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: pu‧la
Etymology 1
Noun
pula f
- pool (supply of resources)
- stake (wager or pledge)
- (card games) pool, stakes, the pot (money available to be won)
- Synonym: stawka
Declension
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
pula
- third-person singular present of pulać
Further reading
- pula in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- pula in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpu.lɐ/
- Hyphenation: pu‧la
Etymology 1
Noun
pula m (plural pulas)
- pula (the currency of Botswana)
Etymology 2
Noun
pula m or f (plural pulas)
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
pula
- inflection of pular:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
- inflection of polir:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Further reading
- “pula”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
- “pula”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
Romanian
Etymology
Definite form of pulă, probably from Latin pulla, feminine of pullus (“offspring, child, cub, chick, etc.”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈpula]
Adverb
pula
- (vulgar, intensifies adjectives) fucking
- Sunt obosit în pula mea!
- I'm fucking tired!
Interjection
pula
- (vulgar, slang) bullshit! (expression of disbelief)
- E ușor, pula!
- It's easy, bullshit!
Noun
pula
- definite nominative/accusative singular of pulă
Romansch
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
pula f (plural pulas)
Alternative forms
Synonyms
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) spler
- (Rumantsch Grischun) tgiralla
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran) tschitta
- (Puter) chüralla
- (Vallader) splerin
Etymology 2
Noun
pula f (plural pulas)
Synonyms
- (Rumantsch Grischun) giaglina
- (Sursilvan) gaglina
- (Sutsilvan) gagliegna
- (Surmiran) gagligna
- (Puter) gillina
- (Vallader) giallina
Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mbúdà.
Noun
pula class 9/10 (plural lipula)
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpula/ [ˈpu.la]
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: pu‧la
Verb
pula
- inflection of pulir:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Swedish
Etymology
From dialectal pula (“work, toil, pound, hit, have sex, mate, and more”). Compare Danish pule, Icelandic púla. Perhaps the same word as Middle Low German pulen (“extricate with the fingers”), and cognate with Old English pullian (“to pluck, pull”). See also pulla (“finger”).
Verb
pula (present pular, preterite pulade, supine pulat, imperative pula)
- (colloquial) to tinker, to potter
- (with a particle like ner (“down”) or in (“in”)) to stuff (press, compressing or scrunching)
- Han pulade ner papperslappen i fickan
- He stuffed the piece of paper into his pocket
- (colloquial, regional) to rub snow in someone's face
Conjugation
active | passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | pula | pulas | ||
supine | pulat | pulats | ||
imperative | pula | — | ||
imper. plural1 | pulen | — | ||
present | past | present | past | |
indicative | pular | pulade | pulas | pulades |
ind. plural1 | pula | pulade | pulas | pulades |
subjunctive2 | pule | pulade | pules | pulades |
present participle | pulande | |||
past participle | — |
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
References
- pula in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- pula in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- pula in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- Fula Ordboken
Tagalog
Etymology 1
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pula. Compare Aklanon puea and Asi puya.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /puˈla/ [pʊˈla]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: pu‧la
Noun
pulá (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜎ)
- red (color/colour)
Adjective
pulá (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜎ)
- red (color/colour)
Derived terms
See also
puti | abo, gris | itim |
pula; krimson, pulang-pula | kahel; kayumanggi | dilaw; krema |
kulay-dayap | lungti, lungtian, berde | |
turkesa | bughaw-langit, asul | bughaw, asul |
lila, biyoleta; nila, tayom | mahenta; ube, morado, haban, purpura | rosas, kalimbahin |
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈpulaʔ/ [ˈpuː.lɐʔ]
- Rhymes: -ulaʔ
- Syllabification: pu‧la
Noun
pulà (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜎ)
Derived terms
- magpula
- pagpula
- pagpupula
- pulaan
- pulangit
See also
Anagrams
Tausug
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pula.
Pronunciation
- (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA(key): /pula/ [pʊˈla]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: pu‧la
Noun
pula (Sulat Sūg spelling فُلَ)
Adjective
pula (Sulat Sūg spelling فُلَ)
Derived terms
Tswana
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mbúdà.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpu.la/
Noun
pula class 9/10 (plural dipula)
Volapük
Noun
pula
- genitive singular of pul
Turkish
Noun
pula
- dative singular of pul
Waray-Waray
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pula.
Adjective
pulá
West Makian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpu.l̪a/
Verb
pula
Conjugation
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | topula | mopula | apula | |
2nd person | nopula | fopula | ||
3rd person | inanimate | ipula | dopula | |
animate | ||||
imperative | nupula, pula | fupula, pula |
References
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[5], Pacific linguistics
Xhosa
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-pula?
- (transitive) to rinse
- Synonyms: -hlambulula, -pulusha
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.