mula
A-Pucikwar • Ayutla Mixtec • Betawi • Catalan • Corsican • Czech • Dharug • Dupaningan Agta • Franco-Provençal • Galician • Gamilaraay • Hausa • Higaonon • Indonesian • Italian • Latin • Lower Sorbian • Malay • Maltese • Old English • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old Spanish • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Serbo-Croatian • Slovene • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Volapük • Warlpiri • Yogad
Page categories
English
Noun
mula (uncountable)
- Alternative spelling of moola.
Anagrams
A-Pucikwar
Etymology
From Proto-Great Andamanese *mulə.
Noun
mula
References
- Juliette Blevins, Linguistic clues to Andamanese pre-history: Understanding the North-South divide, pg. 22 (2009)
Ayutla Mixtec
Etymology
Noun
mula
References
- Hills O., Roberto, et al. (2004) Diccionario lulu ña̱ sanyaꞌá xiinꞌ nya̱nya̱ = Pequeño diccionario ilustrado en el mixteco de Ayutla, Gro.[1] (overall work in Ayutla Mixtec and Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 7
Betawi
Alternative forms
- mulè (Kota)
Etymology
Inherited from Classical Malay mula, from Sanskrit मूल (mūla).
Noun
mula
Derived terms
Anagrams
Catalan
Pronunciation
Noun
mula f (plural mules)
- female equivalent of mul
- tree spurge
- Synonym: lleterassa
- callus
- garfish
- Synonym: agulla prima
Derived terms
Further reading
- “mula”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
Corsican
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/
Etymology 1
From Latin mula, feminine of mulus.
Noun
mula f (masculine mulu, plural mule)
Etymology 2
From its scientific name Mola mola.
Noun
mula f (plural mule)
Synonyms
References
- “mula” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈmula]
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
- Rhymes: -ula
Noun
mula f
Declension
See also
Further reading
- “mula”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
- “mula”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Dharug
Alternative forms
Noun
mula
- man
- 1793, Watkin Tench, A Complete Account of the Settlement at Port Jackson:
- One of our party lifted with ease two of them from the ground, in spite of their efforts to prevent him, whereas in return, no one of them could move him. They called him ‘murree mulla’ (a large strong man).
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
References
- Troy, Jakelin (1994). “The Sydney Language”, Macquarie Aboriginal Words. Sydney: Macquarie Library, 66.
Dupaningan Agta
Noun
mula
Franco-Provençal
Etymology
Noun
mula f (plural mules) (ORB, broad)
References
- mule in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
- mula in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu
Further information
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “mūlus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 6/3: Mobilis–Myxa, page 211
Galician
Verb
mula
- inflection of mulir:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Gamilaraay
Adjective
mula
References
- (2006). “Gaay Garay Dhadhin, Gamilaraay and Yuwalaraay Picture Dictionary”
Hausa
Pronunciation
Verb
mùla (grade 3)
- (obsolete) to disappear, be gone
Higaonon
Verb
mula
- to plant
Indonesian
Etymology
From Malay mula, from Sanskrit मूल (mūla).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mula/
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Noun
mula (plural mula-mula)
Affixed terms
Further reading
- “mula” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmu.la/
- Rhymes: -ula
- Hyphenation: mù‧la
Noun
mula f (plural mule, masculine mulo)
Anagrams
Latin
Etymology
Feminine of mūlus; mūlus + -a (feminine suffix).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈmuː.ɫa]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈmuː.la]
Noun
mūla f (genitive mūlae); first declension
- female mule, she-mule
Declension
First-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -īs or dative/ablative plural in -ābus).
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | mūla | mūlae |
genitive | mūlae | mūlārum |
dative | mūlae | mūlīs mūlābus |
accusative | mūlam | mūlās |
ablative | mūlā | mūlīs mūlābus |
vocative | mūla | mūlae |
Related terms
Descendants
- Italo-Romance:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
Borrowings:
References
- “mula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “mula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "mula", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Lower Sorbian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/
Noun
mula f (masculine mul)
- female mule
Declension
Noun
mula
- inflection of mul:
- genitive/accusative singular
- nominative dual
Further reading
- Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “mula”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
- Starosta, Manfred (1999) “mula”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
Malay
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit मूल (mūla).
Pronunciation
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): [mulə, -la, -laʔ]
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): [mula, -lə, -laʔ]
- Rhymes: -ula, -la, -a
Noun
mula (Jawi spelling مولا)
- the beginning, the start
- dari mula lagi
- since the beginning
- (medicine) onset
- mula demam ― onset of fever.
Derived terms
Descendants
- Indonesian: mula
Verb
bermula
Verb
memulakan
Further reading
- “mula” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Maltese
Root |
---|
w-l-j |
8 terms |
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmuː.la/
Noun
mula m (plural mwiel)
- (obsolete) landlord
Derived terms
Old English
Noun
mūla
- genitive plural of mūl
Old Galician-Portuguese
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin mūla, from mūlus + -a. Doublet of mua.
Pronunciation
Noun
mula f (plural mulas)
Descendants
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “mula”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “mula”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Old Spanish
Etymology
From Latin mūla, feminine of mūlus (“mule”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/
Noun
mula f (plural mulas)
- mule
- 13th century, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, page 38vb:
- E dixo acab a abdias ue ala tr̃a por las fontanas todas de las tr̃as ⁊ por las torriẽtes quiçab trobaremos yerba ont biuan los cauallos elas mulas e nõ p̃damos las beſtias.
- And Ahab said to Obadiah, “Go into the land to every fountain throughout the land and to the brooks. Perhaps we will find grass on which the horses and mules can live, that we may not lose the beasts.”
Descendants
References
- Manuel Ferreiro (2014–2025) “mula”, in Universo Cantigas. Edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa (in Galician), A Coruña: University of A Coruña, →ISSN
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “mula”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “mula”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmu.la/
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
mula f
- (Buddhism) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Declension
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
mula m animal
- genitive/accusative singular of mul
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
mula
- feminine nominative/vocative singular of muli
Further reading
- mula in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Etymology
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese mula, borrowed from Latin mūla, from mūlus + -a. Displaced Old Galician-Portuguese mua.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmu.lɐ/
- Rhymes: -ulɐ
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Noun
mula f (plural mulas)
- mule (hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse)
- Coordinate term: bardoto
- (strictly, rare) female equivalent of mulo (“female mule”)
- (figuratively) a stubborn person
- (jargon) a pile of salt
- drug mule
References
- “mula”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
- “mula”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
- “mula”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
- “mula”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
- “mula” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
Romanian
Etymology
Verb
a mula (third-person singular present mulează, past participle mulat) 1st conjugation
- to mold
Conjugation
infinitive | a mula | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | mulând | ||||||
past participle | mulat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | mulez | mulezi | mulează | mulăm | mulați | mulează | |
imperfect | mulam | mulai | mula | mulam | mulați | mulau | |
simple perfect | mulai | mulași | mulă | mularăm | mularăți | mulară | |
pluperfect | mulasem | mulaseși | mulase | mulaserăm | mulaserăți | mulaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să mulez | să mulezi | să muleze | să mulăm | să mulați | să muleze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | mulează | mulați | |||||
negative | nu mula | nu mulați |
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mûla/
- Hyphenation: mu‧la
Noun
mȕla f (Cyrillic spelling му̏ла)
- mule (offspring of male donkey and female horse)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | mȕla | mule |
genitive | mule | mȗlā |
dative | muli | mulama |
accusative | mulu | mule |
vocative | mulo | mule |
locative | muli | mulama |
instrumental | mulom | mulama |
References
- “mula”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mùːla/
Noun
múla f
- mule (offspring of male donkey and female horse)
Declension
Feminine, a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | múla | ||
gen. sing. | múle | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
múla | múli | múle |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
múle | múl | múl |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
múli | múlama | múlam |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
múlo | múli | múle |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
múli | múlah | múlah |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
múlo | múlama | múlami |
Further reading
- “mula”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Spanish mula, from Latin mūla, feminine of mūlus (“mule”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmula/ [ˈmu.la]
Audio (Spain): (file) - Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Noun
mula f (plural mulas)
- female equivalent of mulo (“mule”)
- trash
- (Latin America) traitor
- (Mexico) a smart, somewhat abusive person
Hypernyms
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “mula”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²mʉːla/
- Rhymes: -²ʉːla
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish mule, via German, from Latin mulus.
Noun
mula c
Declension
nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | mula | mulas |
definite | mulan | mulans | |
plural | indefinite | mulor | mulors |
definite | mulorna | mulornas |
Related terms
Etymology 2
From mule (“muzzle”).
Verb
mula (present mular, preterite mulade, supine mulat, imperative mula)
- (colloquial) to rub snow in someone's face
- 2006, “16-åring friad från snöbollsmisshandel [16-year-old released in court from snowball abuse]”, in Sydsvenskan[2]:
- Kamraten sade i tingsrätten att han bara tog tag i 16-åringen och mulade honom med snö innan han släppte taget.
- His friend said in district court that he only grabbed the 16-year-old and rubbed snow in his face before letting go.
- (by extension, colloquial) to rub something in someone’s face
- Synonym: pula
- 2008, P J Anders Linder, “En ding, ding, ding, ding värld? [A mad, mad, mad, mad world?]”, in Svenska Dagbladet[3]:
- Bäst som Barack Obama stod och övade segergester framför hallspegeln ringde Reuters på dörren och mulade honom med gratulationstårtan.
- Just as Barack Obama stood in front of his hall mirror, practicing victory gestures, Reuters called on the door and rubbed a congratulatory cake in his face.
Usage notes
- This verb for rubbing snow in someone’s face is known for its many dialectal synonyms, and in a survey made in 2006 by the radio programme Språket i P1, they received 95 synonyms for this word based on 5800 replies, mula being the most common one.
Conjugation
active | passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | mula | mulas | ||
supine | mulat | mulats | ||
imperative | mula | — | ||
imper. plural1 | mulen | — | ||
present | past | present | past | |
indicative | mular | mulade | mulas | mulades |
ind. plural1 | mula | mulade | mulas | mulades |
subjunctive2 | mule | mulade | mules | mulades |
present participle | mulande | |||
past participle | mulad |
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Synonyms
- bryna (Gotland, Värmland)
- gnosa (Västergötland)
- grosa (Västergötland)
- gura (Gothenburg)
- göra (Västergötland)
- kröna
- molla
- muddra (Roslagen)
- mulla (Uppland)
- myla (Östergötland)
- mylla (Småland)
- målla
- möla (Västergötland)
- mösa
- pesa (Finland Swedish)
- pula (Närke, Västmanland, Uppland, Hälsingland, Åland)
- purra (Jämtland, Gästrikland)
- sylta (Gothenburg)
- tryna (Värmland)
Etymology 3
From Romani.
Verb
mula
- (slang) (intransitive) to die
- (slang) (transitive) to kill somebody
References
- “Om 95 olika ord för att gnida in snö i ansiktet [About 95 different words for rubbing snow in someone’s face]”, in Språket i P1[4], Sveriges Radio, 10 January 2006, retrieved 23 October 2019
- mula in Svensk ordbok (SO)
Tagalog
Alternative forms
- mola — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Sanskrit मूल (mūla, “root; origin”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /muˈlaʔ/ [mʊˈlaʔ]
- Rhymes: -aʔ
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Preposition
mulâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
Noun
mulâ (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
- (formal, archaic) origin
- Synonyms: orihen, pinagmulan, pinanggalingan
Derived terms
- magmula
- mula ngayon
- mula't mula
- mula't sapol
- mulaan
- mulang buhat
- mulang danaw
- mulang dilim
- pagmula
- pagmulan
- pamula
- panimula
- parang tao sa mula
- pinagmulan
- samula
- simula
- simulain
- simulan
- tuntong mula
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Spanish mula, from Latin mūla.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈmula/ [ˈmuː.lɐ]
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Noun
mula (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
- mule (sterile hybrid of donkey and horse)
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Spanish mula, from Medieval Latin mula (“slipper, shoe with a thick sole”), presumably from classical Latin mulleus, the dyed shoe of either the patricians or senators, from Ancient Greek μύλλος (múllos).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈmula/ [ˈmuː.lɐ]
- Rhymes: -ula
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Noun
mula (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ)
- mule (backless shoe)
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /muˈla/ [mʊˈla]
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Verb
mulá (complete nula, progressive nunula, contemplative pupula, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ) (obsolete)
Etymology 5
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈmulaʔ/ [ˈmuː.lɐʔ]
- Rhymes: -ulaʔ
- Syllabification: mu‧la
Verb
mulà (complete nula, progressive nunula, contemplative pupula, Baybayin spelling ᜋᜓᜎ) (obsolete)
References
- “mula”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 834.
Anagrams
Volapük
Noun
mula
- genitive singular of mul
Warlpiri
Noun
mula
Yogad
Noun
mulá
- a plant