muka

Borrowed from Maori.

muka (uncountable)

1. Prepared fibre of harakeke, used in traditional Maori weaving.

• Mauk, akum

• muky f pl

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka.

• IPA^(key): [ˈmuka]

muka n pl

1. (literary) agony, torment, ordeal

• “muka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “muka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “muka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

From Proto-Finnic *muka, probably equivalent to muu (“other, else”) +‎ -ka. Akin to Karelian muka, Livvi muga and Veps muga.

• IPA^(key): /ˈmukɑ/, [ˈmukɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ukɑ
• Syllabification^(key): mu‧ka
• Hyphenation^(key): mu‧ka

muka (not comparable)

1. supposedly, allegedly, as if (used to express that what follows is doubtful or untrue)

   Synonyms: mukamas, (dialectal) mukamasten, mukamasti

   Miten voi kalliimpi olla aina muka jotenkin parempi?

   How can more expensive supposedly always be somehow better?

   Oletko sinä muka purjehtinut Atlantin yli?

   Do you claim you have sailed across the Atlantic?

2. (in compounds) pseudo-

• muukalainen
• väitetysti

• “muka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

• kamu, maku

From Malay muka, from Sanskrit मुख (mukha).

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈmuka/ [ˈmu.ka]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uka
• Syllabification: mu‧ka

muka (plural muka-muka)

1. face

   Synonym: wajah

2. act, façade, front, persona, show: an intentional and false impression of oneself
3. person
4. typeface

   Synonym: pagina

5. previous event

• hadap

• “muka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

muka

1. romanization of ꦩꦸꦏ

muka

1. egg
2. anything of oval or round shape

• yarla-muka (“calf muscle”)
• muka-muka (“the brain”)
• kardlumuka (“scrotum, testes”)
• kuntumuka (“the male breast”)
• ngarrumuka (“scrotum, testes, brain”)

From Proto-Slavic *mǫka; cognate with Upper Sorbian muka, Polish mąka, Czech mouka, Russian мука́ (muká), Old Church Slavonic мѫка (mǫka).

• IPA^(key): [ˈmuka]

muka f (diminutive mucka)

1. flour (powder obtained by grinding or milling cereal grains)

Borrowed from Sanskrit मुख (mukha).^[1] Displaced earlier muha regular reflex of Proto-Malayic *muha (“face; front”); and dahi (now meaning “forehead”) from Proto-Malayic *dahi from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daqih from Proto-Austronesian *daqiS (“forehead; face”).^[2]

• (Bahasa Baku) IPA^(key): /ˈmuka/ [ˈmu.ka]
• (Johor-Riau) IPA^(key): /ˈmukə/ [ˈmu.kə]
• Rhymes: -uka, -ka, -a
• Hyphenation: mu‧ka

muka (Jawi spelling موک, plural muka-muka)

1. (anatomy) face

   Synonym: wajah

2. front, facade

   Synonym: depan

3. surface, flat or exposed overside

   Synonym: permukaan

• Indonesian: muka
• → Urak Lawoi': มูคา (mukha)

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “موك moeka”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 137
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “موک muka”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 663
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “muka”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 150

• “muka” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

muka

1. banana

muka class 1 (plural waka)

1. wife

• nlume

• mwanamuka

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

muka

1. tree

-múka

1. to leave, to depart

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

muka

1. mushroom

• Harrison, Roy, B. de Harrison, Margaret, López Juárez, Francisco, Ordoñes, Cosme (1984) Vocabulario zoque de Rayón (Serie de diccionarios y vocabularios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 28)‎^[3] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 18

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (“torture, torment”), Cognates include Czech muka.

• IPA^(key): /mûka/
• Hyphenation: mu‧ka

mȕka f (Cyrillic spelling му̏ка)

1. pain
2. torment
3. nausea
4. trouble

• bez muke nema nauke
• mučnina

• “muka”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (“flour”), Cognates include Czech mouka.

• IPA^(key): /mǔːka/
• Hyphenation: mu‧ka

múka f (Cyrillic spelling му́ка)

1. (regional) flour

   Synonym: brašno

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka.

• IPA^(key): [ˈmuka]

muka f

1. torture
2. excruciating pain

Almost exclusively used in the plural; the singular form is used mostly in poetry.

• mučiť

• “muka”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

• tmuka

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic موكة (mūka, “owl”), from Berber origin.

muka f (Tifinagh spelling ⵎⵓⴽⴰ, plural mukat)

1. owl

-múka

1. (transitive, intransitive) alternative form of -emuka

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “muka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “muka (3.9)”