waka

Borrowed from Japanese 和歌 (waka), from Middle Chinese 和 (ɣwa), a gloss for 倭 (ʔwa, “Japan”) + 歌 (ka, “song”).

waka (plural wakas or waka)

1. (poetry) A kind of classical Japanese poem.
   • 1962, Philip K. Dick, “The Man in the High Castle”, in Four Novels of the 1960s, Library of America, published 2007, page 122:

     “Hey, look. There's one of those Jap waka poems on the back of this cigarette package.”

Borrowed from Maori waka.

• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈwʌkʌ/, /ˈwʌkə/
• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈwakə/
• Rhymes: -ɒkə, -ʌkə

waka (plural wakas or waka)

1. (New Zealand) A Maori canoe. [from 19th c.]
2. (New Zealand) A broad Maori community consisting of numerous Maori tribes, all sharing common ancestors thought to have come to New Zealand in a particular canoe. (A waka is divided into several iwi.) [from 19th c.]
   • 2003, Michael King, The Penguin History of Aotearoa New Zealand, Penguin, published 2023, page 235:

     On occasion this orientation would extend to wider tribal units […] or even to waka federations such as Tainui, Te Arawa or Mataatua.

• waka gashira

• kawa

Borrowed from Spanish vaca. Cognate with Jaqaru waka.

waka

1. cow

waka

1. body

• Robert Busenitz & Daniel Bradbury (2016). Balantak Dictionary – waka. SIL International.

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wakaʀ.

waka

1. root (of plant)

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*wakaR”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

waka

1. cow

waka

1. to fly

waka

1. root

   Synonym: vu

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /ˈwa.ka/, [ˈʋɐ.kə]

waka

1. to flash
2. (stative) sharp

waka

1. (Banawá) to break

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

waka

1. Rōmaji transcription of わか

Borrowed from Spanish vaca. Cognate with Aymara waka.

waka

1. cow

Martha James Hardman. (1996) Jaqaru: Outline of phonological and morphological structure, page 74.

waka

1. water

• Maria Sueli de Aguiar, Elementos de descrição sintatica para uma gramatica do Katukina, page 49, 1988

waka

1. romanization of ᠸᠠᡴᠠ

From Proto-Polynesian *waka.

• IPA^(key): /wa.ka/, [wɐ.kɐ]

waka

1. boat, canoe
2. vehicle, conveyance
3. transport

• tūnga waka

• → English: waka

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

waka (Raguileo spelling)

1. cow

• Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Corruption of English walk.

• IPA^(key): /wàka/

waka

1. to walk

   You go waka sha.

   You're going to walk.

   • (Can we date this quote?), Anthonia Ujene, “Count animals”, in Storybooks African Languages‎^[2]:

     Five Impales and six pigs dey waka go d water.

     Five impalas and six warthogs are walking to the water.

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *wakaʀ.

waka

1. root (of plant)

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*wakaR”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

From English work.

waka

1. work; labor; job

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Southern Greater Poland) IPA^(key): /ˈva.ka/

waka f

1. (Southern Greater Poland) old bitch (old female dog)

• Oskar Kolberg (1877) “waka”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 32

• wak'a (Cuzco-Collao)

• IPA^(key): /ˈwa.ka/
  • (Ayacucho) IPA^(key): [ˈwa.ka]
  • (Cuzco-Collao) IPA^(key): [ˈwa.kʼa]

waka

1. sacred
2. (historical) sublime; horrifying

waka

1. an Andean guardian deity

   Near-synonym: willka

2. sanctuary: both natural, like a sacred rock or crevice, and artificial, like a building.
3. (historical) a votive offering

• → Spanish: huaca

Cerrón-Palomino, Rodolfo (2013) Tras las huellas del Inca Garcilaso: el lenguaje como hermenéutica en la comprensión del pasado [Following the footsteps of Inca Garcilaso: Language as hermeneutics in the understanding of the past], Boston: Latinoamericana Editories; CELACP; Revista de Crítica Literaria Latinoamericana, →DOI

Borrowed from Spanish vaca.

waka

1. (Cuzco-Collao) alternative form of baka

waká

1. rattan

waka (Sundanese script ᮝᮊ)

1. yet (thus far; in negative imperative use, asking for an action to be delayed.)

   Synonym: wara

   Ulah waka dibéré!

   Don't give it to him just yet!

• "waka" in Maman Sumantri, Atjep Djamaludin, Achmad Patoni, R.H. Moch. Koerdie, M.O. Koesman, Epa Sjafei Adisastra. (1985) Kamus Sunda-Indonesia [Sundanese-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Department of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia

From *-wala +‎ -ka (stative).^[1]

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

-waka (infinitive kuwaka)

1. to burn, be in flames
2. to shine

Conjugation of -waka
Positive present -nawaka Subjunctive -wake Negative -waki Imperative singular waka
Infinitives
Positive kuwaka Negative kutowaka
Imperatives
Singular waka Plural wakeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huwaka Positive past positive subject concord + -liwaka Negative past negative subject concord + -kuwaka
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nawaka) Singular Plural 1st person ninawaka/nawaka tunawaka 2nd person unawaka mnawaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anawaka wanawaka other classes positive subject concord + -nawaka
Negative present (negative subject concord + -waki) Singular Plural 1st person siwaki hatuwaki 2nd person huwaki hamuwaki 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hawaki hawawaki other classes negative subject concord + -waki
Positive future positive subject concord + -tawaka Negative future negative subject concord + -tawaka
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -wake) Singular Plural 1st person niwake tuwake 2nd person uwake muwake 3rd person m-wa(I/II) awake wawake other classes positive subject concord + -wake
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siwake Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngewaka Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singewaka Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliwaka Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliwaka
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -awaka) Singular Plural 1st person nawaka twawaka 2nd person wawaka mwawaka 3rd person m-wa(I/II) awaka wawaka m-mi(III/IV) wawaka yawaka ji-ma(V/VI) lawaka yawaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) chawaka vyawaka n(IX/X) yawaka zawaka u(XI) wawaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwawaka pa(XVI) pawaka mu(XVIII) mwawaka
Perfect positive subject concord + -mewaka "Already" positive subject concord + -meshawaka "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jawaka "If/When" positive subject concord + -kiwaka "If not" positive subject concord + -sipowaka Consecutive kawaka / positive subject concord + -kawaka Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kawake
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -niwaka -tuwaka 2nd person -kuwaka -wawaka/-kuwakeni/-wawakeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -muwaka -wawaka m-mi(III/IV) -uwaka -iwaka ji-ma(V/VI) -liwaka -yawaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiwaka -viwaka n(IX/X) -iwaka -ziwaka u(XI) -uwaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuwaka pa(XVI) -pawaka mu(XVIII) -muwaka Reflexive -jiwaka
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -waka- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -wakaye -wakao m-mi(III/IV) -wakao -wakayo ji-ma(V/VI) -wakalo -wakayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -wakacho -wakavyo n(IX/X) -wakayo -wakazo u(XI) -wakao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -wakako pa(XVI) -wakapo mu(XVIII) -wakamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -waka) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yewaka -owaka m-mi(III/IV) -owaka -yowaka ji-ma(V/VI) -lowaka -yowaka ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chowaka -vyowaka n(IX/X) -yowaka -zowaka u(XI) -owaka see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kowaka pa(XVI) -powaka mu(XVIII) -mowaka
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

• Verbal derivations:
  • Causative: -washa (“to set something on fire”)

waka

1. giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus

• Lizot, Jacques (2004) Diccionario enciclopédico de la lengua yãnomãmɨ‎^[3] (in Spanish), Vicariato apostólico de Puerto Ayacucho, →ISBN