Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic نَقَلَ (naqala).
Pronunciation
Verb
-nakili (infinitive kunakili)
- to copy
- Synonym: kopi
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -nakili
|
| Positive present
|
-nanakili
|
| Subjunctive
|
-nakili
|
| Negative
|
-nakili
|
| Imperative singular
|
nakili
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
nakili
|
| Plural
|
nakilini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hunakili
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -linakili
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kunakili
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nanakili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninanakili/nanakili
|
tunanakili
|
| 2nd person
|
unanakili
|
mnanakili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ananakili
|
wananakili
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nanakili
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -nakili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sinakili
|
hatunakili
|
| 2nd person
|
hunakili
|
hamnakili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hanakili
|
hawanakili
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -nakili
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tanakili
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tanakili
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -nakili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakili
|
tunakili
|
| 2nd person
|
unakili
|
mnakili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakili
|
wanakili
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakili
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sinakili
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngenakili
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singenakili
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalinakili
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalinakili
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anakili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nanakili
|
twanakili
|
| 2nd person
|
wanakili
|
mwanakili
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakili
|
wanakili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wanakili
|
yanakili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lanakili
|
yanakili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chanakili
|
vyanakili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yanakili
|
zanakili
|
| u(XI)
|
wanakili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwanakili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
panakili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwanakili
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -menakili
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshanakili
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -janakili
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kinakili
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siponakili
|
| Consecutive
|
kanakili / positive subject concord + -kanakili
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kanakili
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-ninakili
|
-tunakili
|
| 2nd person
|
-kunakili
|
-wanakili/-kunakilini/-wanakilini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mnakili
|
-wanakili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-unakili
|
-inakili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-linakili
|
-yanakili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kinakili
|
-vinakili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-inakili
|
-zinakili
|
| u(XI)
|
-unakili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kunakili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-panakili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-munakili
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jinakili
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -nakili- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-nakiliye
|
-nakilio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-nakilio
|
-nakiliyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-nakililo
|
-nakiliyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-nakilicho
|
-nakilivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-nakiliyo
|
-nakilizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-nakilio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-nakiliko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-nakilipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-nakilimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -nakili)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yenakili
|
-onakili
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-onakili
|
-yonakili
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lonakili
|
-yonakili
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chonakili
|
-vyonakili
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yonakili
|
-zonakili
|
| u(XI)
|
-onakili
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-konakili
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ponakili
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-monakili
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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