Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-ponesha (infinitive kuponesha)
- Causative form of -pona
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ponesha
|
| Positive present
|
-naponesha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-poneshe
|
| Negative
|
-poneshi
|
| Imperative singular
|
ponesha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ponesha
|
| Plural
|
ponesheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huponesha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liponesha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuponesha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naponesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaponesha/naponesha
|
tunaponesha
|
| 2nd person
|
unaponesha
|
mnaponesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaponesha
|
wanaponesha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naponesha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -poneshi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siponeshi
|
hatuponeshi
|
| 2nd person
|
huponeshi
|
hamponeshi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haponeshi
|
hawaponeshi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -poneshi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taponesha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taponesha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -poneshe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niponeshe
|
tuponeshe
|
| 2nd person
|
uponeshe
|
mponeshe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aponeshe
|
waponeshe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -poneshe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siponeshe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeponesha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeponesha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliponesha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliponesha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aponesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naponesha
|
twaponesha
|
| 2nd person
|
waponesha
|
mwaponesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aponesha
|
waponesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waponesha
|
yaponesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laponesha
|
yaponesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaponesha
|
vyaponesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaponesha
|
zaponesha
|
| u(XI)
|
waponesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaponesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paponesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaponesha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meponesha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaponesha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japonesha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiponesha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoponesha
|
| Consecutive
|
kaponesha / positive subject concord + -kaponesha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaponeshe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niponesha
|
-tuponesha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuponesha
|
-waponesha/-kuponesheni/-waponesheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mponesha
|
-waponesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uponesha
|
-iponesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liponesha
|
-yaponesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiponesha
|
-viponesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iponesha
|
-ziponesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-uponesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuponesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paponesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muponesha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiponesha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ponesha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-poneshaye
|
-poneshao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-poneshao
|
-poneshayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-poneshalo
|
-poneshayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-poneshacho
|
-poneshavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-poneshayo
|
-poneshazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-poneshao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-poneshako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poneshapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-poneshamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ponesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeponesha
|
-oponesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oponesha
|
-yoponesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loponesha
|
-yoponesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choponesha
|
-vyoponesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoponesha
|
-zoponesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-oponesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koponesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poponesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moponesha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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