Swahili
Etymology
From sababu (“cause”) + -isha (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-sababisha (infinitive kusababisha)
- Causative form of sababu: to cause
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -sababisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nasababisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-sababishe
|
| Negative
|
-sababishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
sababisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
sababisha
|
| Plural
|
sababisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
husababisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisababisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusababisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasababisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninasababisha/nasababisha
|
tunasababisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unasababisha
|
mnasababisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasababisha
|
wanasababisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasababisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -sababishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sisababishi
|
hatusababishi
|
| 2nd person
|
husababishi
|
hamsababishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasababishi
|
hawasababishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -sababishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasababisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasababisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sababishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisababishe
|
tusababishe
|
| 2nd person
|
usababishe
|
msababishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asababishe
|
wasababishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -sababishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisababishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesababisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesababisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisababisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisababisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asababisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nasababisha
|
twasababisha
|
| 2nd person
|
wasababisha
|
mwasababisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asababisha
|
wasababisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wasababisha
|
yasababisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lasababisha
|
yasababisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chasababisha
|
vyasababisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yasababisha
|
zasababisha
|
| u(XI)
|
wasababisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwasababisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pasababisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwasababisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesababisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasababisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasababisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisababisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposababisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kasababisha / positive subject concord + -kasababisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasababishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nisababisha
|
-tusababisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kusababisha
|
-wasababisha/-kusababisheni/-wasababisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-msababisha
|
-wasababisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-usababisha
|
-isababisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lisababisha
|
-yasababisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kisababisha
|
-visababisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-isababisha
|
-zisababisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-usababisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kusababisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pasababisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-musababisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jisababisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sababisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-sababishaye
|
-sababishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-sababishao
|
-sababishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-sababishalo
|
-sababishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-sababishacho
|
-sababishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-sababishayo
|
-sababishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-sababishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-sababishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-sababishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-sababishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sababisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yesababisha
|
-osababisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-osababisha
|
-yosababisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-losababisha
|
-yosababisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chosababisha
|
-vyosababisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yosababisha
|
-zosababisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-osababisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosababisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-posababisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mosababisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms