Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-shikamana (infinitive kushikamana)
- Reciprocal form of -shikama: to be cohesive or consolidated, stick together
- to be busy
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -shikamana
|
| Positive present
|
-nashikamana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-shikamane
|
| Negative
|
-shikamani
|
| Imperative singular
|
shikamana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
shikamana
|
| Plural
|
shikamaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hushikamana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lishikamana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kushikamana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashikamana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninashikamana/nashikamana
|
tunashikamana
|
| 2nd person
|
unashikamana
|
mnashikamana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anashikamana
|
wanashikamana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nashikamana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -shikamani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sishikamani
|
hatushikamani
|
| 2nd person
|
hushikamani
|
hamshikamani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hashikamani
|
hawashikamani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -shikamani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tashikamana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tashikamana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shikamane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nishikamane
|
tushikamane
|
| 2nd person
|
ushikamane
|
mshikamane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashikamane
|
washikamane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -shikamane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sishikamane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeshikamana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeshikamana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalishikamana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalishikamana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashikamana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nashikamana
|
twashikamana
|
| 2nd person
|
washikamana
|
mwashikamana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashikamana
|
washikamana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
washikamana
|
yashikamana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lashikamana
|
yashikamana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chashikamana
|
vyashikamana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yashikamana
|
zashikamana
|
| u(XI)
|
washikamana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwashikamana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pashikamana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwashikamana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meshikamana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshashikamana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jashikamana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kishikamana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposhikamana
|
| Consecutive
|
kashikamana / positive subject concord + -kashikamana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kashikamane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -shikamana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-shikamanaye
|
-shikamanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-shikamanao
|
-shikamanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-shikamanalo
|
-shikamanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-shikamanacho
|
-shikamanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-shikamanayo
|
-shikamanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-shikamanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-shikamanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-shikamanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-shikamanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -shikamana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeshikamana
|
-oshikamana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshikamana
|
-yoshikamana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loshikamana
|
-yoshikamana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choshikamana
|
-vyoshikamana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoshikamana
|
-zoshikamana
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshikamana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koshikamana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poshikamana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moshikamana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms