Swahili
Verb
-shikana (infinitive kushikana)
- Reciprocal form of -shika
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -shikana
|
| Positive present
|
-nashikana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-shikane
|
| Negative
|
-shikani
|
| Imperative singular
|
shikana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
shikana
|
| Plural
|
shikaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hushikana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lishikana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kushikana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashikana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninashikana/nashikana
|
tunashikana
|
| 2nd person
|
unashikana
|
mnashikana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anashikana
|
wanashikana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nashikana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -shikani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sishikani
|
hatushikani
|
| 2nd person
|
hushikani
|
hamshikani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hashikani
|
hawashikani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -shikani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tashikana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tashikana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shikane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nishikane
|
tushikane
|
| 2nd person
|
ushikane
|
mshikane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashikane
|
washikane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -shikane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sishikane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeshikana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeshikana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalishikana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalishikana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashikana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nashikana
|
twashikana
|
| 2nd person
|
washikana
|
mwashikana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashikana
|
washikana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
washikana
|
yashikana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lashikana
|
yashikana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chashikana
|
vyashikana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yashikana
|
zashikana
|
| u(XI)
|
washikana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwashikana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pashikana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwashikana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meshikana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshashikana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jashikana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kishikana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposhikana
|
| Consecutive
|
kashikana / positive subject concord + -kashikana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kashikane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -shikana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-shikanaye
|
-shikanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-shikanao
|
-shikanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-shikanalo
|
-shikanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-shikanacho
|
-shikanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-shikanayo
|
-shikanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-shikanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-shikanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-shikanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-shikanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -shikana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeshikana
|
-oshikana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshikana
|
-yoshikana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loshikana
|
-yoshikana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choshikana
|
-vyoshikana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoshikana
|
-zoshikana
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshikana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koshikana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poshikana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moshikana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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