Swahili
Etymology
From shughuli + -ika (stative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-shughulika (infinitive kushughulika)
- to be busy, to be occupied, to be engaged
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -shughulika
|
| Positive present
|
-nashughulika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-shughulike
|
| Negative
|
-shughuliki
|
| Imperative singular
|
shughulika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
shughulika
|
| Plural
|
shughulikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hushughulika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lishughulika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kushughulika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashughulika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninashughulika/nashughulika
|
tunashughulika
|
| 2nd person
|
unashughulika
|
mnashughulika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anashughulika
|
wanashughulika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nashughulika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -shughuliki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sishughuliki
|
hatushughuliki
|
| 2nd person
|
hushughuliki
|
hamshughuliki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hashughuliki
|
hawashughuliki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -shughuliki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tashughulika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tashughulika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shughulike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nishughulike
|
tushughulike
|
| 2nd person
|
ushughulike
|
mshughulike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashughulike
|
washughulike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -shughulike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sishughulike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeshughulika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeshughulika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalishughulika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalishughulika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashughulika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nashughulika
|
twashughulika
|
| 2nd person
|
washughulika
|
mwashughulika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashughulika
|
washughulika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
washughulika
|
yashughulika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lashughulika
|
yashughulika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chashughulika
|
vyashughulika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yashughulika
|
zashughulika
|
| u(XI)
|
washughulika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwashughulika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pashughulika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwashughulika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meshughulika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshashughulika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jashughulika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kishughulika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposhughulika
|
| Consecutive
|
kashughulika / positive subject concord + -kashughulika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kashughulike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nishughulika
|
-tushughulika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kushughulika
|
-washughulika/-kushughulikeni/-washughulikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mshughulika
|
-washughulika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ushughulika
|
-ishughulika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lishughulika
|
-yashughulika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kishughulika
|
-vishughulika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ishughulika
|
-zishughulika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ushughulika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kushughulika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pashughulika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mushughulika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jishughulika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shughulika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-shughulikaye
|
-shughulikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-shughulikao
|
-shughulikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-shughulikalo
|
-shughulikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-shughulikacho
|
-shughulikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-shughulikayo
|
-shughulikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-shughulikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-shughulikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-shughulikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-shughulikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shughulika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeshughulika
|
-oshughulika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshughulika
|
-yoshughulika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loshughulika
|
-yoshughulika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choshughulika
|
-vyoshughulika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoshughulika
|
-zoshughulika
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshughulika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koshughulika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poshughulika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moshughulika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms