Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-shuhudiwa (infinitive kushuhudiwa)
- Passive form of -shuhudia: to be witnessed
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -shuhudiwa
|
| Positive present
|
-nashuhudiwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-shuhudiwe
|
| Negative
|
-shuhudiwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
shuhudiwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
shuhudiwa
|
| Plural
|
shuhudiweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hushuhudiwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lishuhudiwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kushuhudiwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashuhudiwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninashuhudiwa/nashuhudiwa
|
tunashuhudiwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unashuhudiwa
|
mnashuhudiwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anashuhudiwa
|
wanashuhudiwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nashuhudiwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -shuhudiwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sishuhudiwi
|
hatushuhudiwi
|
| 2nd person
|
hushuhudiwi
|
hamshuhudiwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hashuhudiwi
|
hawashuhudiwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -shuhudiwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tashuhudiwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tashuhudiwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shuhudiwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nishuhudiwe
|
tushuhudiwe
|
| 2nd person
|
ushuhudiwe
|
mshuhudiwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashuhudiwe
|
washuhudiwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -shuhudiwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sishuhudiwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeshuhudiwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeshuhudiwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalishuhudiwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalishuhudiwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashuhudiwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nashuhudiwa
|
twashuhudiwa
|
| 2nd person
|
washuhudiwa
|
mwashuhudiwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashuhudiwa
|
washuhudiwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
washuhudiwa
|
yashuhudiwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lashuhudiwa
|
yashuhudiwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chashuhudiwa
|
vyashuhudiwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yashuhudiwa
|
zashuhudiwa
|
| u(XI)
|
washuhudiwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwashuhudiwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pashuhudiwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwashuhudiwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meshuhudiwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshashuhudiwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jashuhudiwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kishuhudiwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposhuhudiwa
|
| Consecutive
|
kashuhudiwa / positive subject concord + -kashuhudiwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kashuhudiwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nishuhudiwa
|
-tushuhudiwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kushuhudiwa
|
-washuhudiwa/-kushuhudiweni/-washuhudiweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mshuhudiwa
|
-washuhudiwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ushuhudiwa
|
-ishuhudiwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lishuhudiwa
|
-yashuhudiwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kishuhudiwa
|
-vishuhudiwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ishuhudiwa
|
-zishuhudiwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-ushuhudiwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kushuhudiwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pashuhudiwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mushuhudiwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jishuhudiwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shuhudiwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-shuhudiwaye
|
-shuhudiwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-shuhudiwao
|
-shuhudiwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-shuhudiwalo
|
-shuhudiwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-shuhudiwacho
|
-shuhudiwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-shuhudiwayo
|
-shuhudiwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-shuhudiwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-shuhudiwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-shuhudiwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-shuhudiwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shuhudiwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeshuhudiwa
|
-oshuhudiwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshuhudiwa
|
-yoshuhudiwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loshuhudiwa
|
-yoshuhudiwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choshuhudiwa
|
-vyoshuhudiwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoshuhudiwa
|
-zoshuhudiwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshuhudiwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koshuhudiwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poshuhudiwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moshuhudiwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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