Swahili
Verb
-sonya (infinitive kusonya)
- to whistle or click in contempt
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -sonya
|
| Positive present
|
-nasonya
|
| Subjunctive
|
-sonye
|
| Negative
|
-sonyi
|
| Imperative singular
|
sonya
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kusonya
|
| Negative
|
kutosonya
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
sonya
|
| Plural
|
sonyeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
husonya
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisonya
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusonya
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasonya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninasonya/nasonya
|
tunasonya
|
| 2nd person
|
unasonya
|
mnasonya
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasonya
|
wanasonya
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasonya
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -sonyi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sisonyi
|
hatusonyi
|
| 2nd person
|
husonyi
|
hamsonyi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasonyi
|
hawasonyi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -sonyi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasonya
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasonya
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sonye)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisonye
|
tusonye
|
| 2nd person
|
usonye
|
msonye
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asonye
|
wasonye
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -sonye
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisonye
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesonya
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesonya
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisonya
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisonya
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asonya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nasonya
|
twasonya
|
| 2nd person
|
wasonya
|
mwasonya
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asonya
|
wasonya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wasonya
|
yasonya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lasonya
|
yasonya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chasonya
|
vyasonya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yasonya
|
zasonya
|
| u(XI)
|
wasonya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwasonya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pasonya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwasonya
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesonya
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasonya
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasonya
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisonya
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposonya
|
| Consecutive
|
kasonya / positive subject concord + -kasonya
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasonye
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nisonya
|
-tusonya
|
| 2nd person
|
-kusonya
|
-wasonya/-kusonyeni/-wasonyeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-msonya
|
-wasonya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-usonya
|
-isonya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lisonya
|
-yasonya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kisonya
|
-visonya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-isonya
|
-zisonya
|
| u(XI)
|
-usonya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kusonya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pasonya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-musonya
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jisonya
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sonya- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-sonyaye
|
-sonyao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-sonyao
|
-sonyayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-sonyalo
|
-sonyayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-sonyacho
|
-sonyavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-sonyayo
|
-sonyazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-sonyao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-sonyako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-sonyapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-sonyamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sonya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yesonya
|
-osonya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-osonya
|
-yosonya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-losonya
|
-yosonya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chosonya
|
-vyosonya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yosonya
|
-zosonya
|
| u(XI)
|
-osonya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosonya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-posonya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mosonya
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms