Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-tupwa (infinitive kutupwa)
- Passive form of -tupa: to be thrown, to be abandoned
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -tupwa
|
| Positive present
|
-natupwa
|
| Subjunctive
|
-tupwe
|
| Negative
|
-tupwi
|
| Imperative singular
|
tupwa
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kutupwa
|
| Negative
|
kutotupwa
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
tupwa
|
| Plural
|
tupweni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hutupwa
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -litupwa
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kutupwa
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -natupwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninatupwa/natupwa
|
tunatupwa
|
| 2nd person
|
unatupwa
|
mnatupwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anatupwa
|
wanatupwa
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -natupwa
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -tupwi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
situpwi
|
hatutupwi
|
| 2nd person
|
hutupwi
|
hamtupwi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hatupwi
|
hawatupwi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -tupwi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tatupwa
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tatupwa
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tupwe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nitupwe
|
tutupwe
|
| 2nd person
|
utupwe
|
mtupwe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atupwe
|
watupwe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -tupwe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -situpwe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngetupwa
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singetupwa
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalitupwa
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalitupwa
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atupwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
natupwa
|
twatupwa
|
| 2nd person
|
watupwa
|
mwatupwa
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atupwa
|
watupwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
watupwa
|
yatupwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
latupwa
|
yatupwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chatupwa
|
vyatupwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yatupwa
|
zatupwa
|
| u(XI)
|
watupwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwatupwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
patupwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwatupwa
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -metupwa
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshatupwa
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jatupwa
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kitupwa
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipotupwa
|
| Consecutive
|
katupwa / positive subject concord + -katupwa
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -katupwe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nitupwa
|
-tutupwa
|
| 2nd person
|
-kutupwa
|
-watupwa/-kutupweni/-watupweni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mtupwa
|
-watupwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-utupwa
|
-itupwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-litupwa
|
-yatupwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kitupwa
|
-vitupwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-itupwa
|
-zitupwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-utupwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kutupwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-patupwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mutupwa
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jitupwa
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tupwa- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-tupwaye
|
-tupwao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-tupwao
|
-tupwayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-tupwalo
|
-tupwayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-tupwacho
|
-tupwavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-tupwayo
|
-tupwazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-tupwao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-tupwako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-tupwapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-tupwamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tupwa)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yetupwa
|
-otupwa
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-otupwa
|
-yotupwa
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lotupwa
|
-yotupwa
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chotupwa
|
-vyotupwa
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yotupwa
|
-zotupwa
|
| u(XI)
|
-otupwa
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kotupwa
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potupwa
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-motupwa
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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