Swahili
Etymology
From *-bùmb-ʊd-a, a separative form of Proto-Bantu *-bùmba (“bake in ashes”).
Pronunciation
Verb
-vumbua (infinitive kuvumbua)
- to uncover something hidden
- to find, discover
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -vumbua
|
| Positive present
|
-navumbua
|
| Subjunctive
|
-vumbue
|
| Negative
|
-vumbui
|
| Imperative singular
|
vumbua
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
vumbua
|
| Plural
|
vumbueni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huvumbua
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -livumbua
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuvumbua
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -navumbua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninavumbua/navumbua
|
tunavumbua
|
| 2nd person
|
unavumbua
|
mnavumbua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anavumbua
|
wanavumbua
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -navumbua
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -vumbui)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sivumbui
|
hatuvumbui
|
| 2nd person
|
huvumbui
|
hamvumbui
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
havumbui
|
hawavumbui
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -vumbui
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tavumbua
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tavumbua
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vumbue)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nivumbue
|
tuvumbue
|
| 2nd person
|
uvumbue
|
mvumbue
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
avumbue
|
wavumbue
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -vumbue
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sivumbue
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngevumbua
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singevumbua
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalivumbua
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalivumbua
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avumbua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
navumbua
|
twavumbua
|
| 2nd person
|
wavumbua
|
mwavumbua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
avumbua
|
wavumbua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wavumbua
|
yavumbua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lavumbua
|
yavumbua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chavumbua
|
vyavumbua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yavumbua
|
zavumbua
|
| u(XI)
|
wavumbua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwavumbua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pavumbua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwavumbua
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mevumbua
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshavumbua
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -javumbua
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kivumbua
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipovumbua
|
| Consecutive
|
kavumbua / positive subject concord + -kavumbua
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kavumbue
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nivumbua
|
-tuvumbua
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuvumbua
|
-wavumbua/-kuvumbueni/-wavumbueni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mvumbua
|
-wavumbua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uvumbua
|
-ivumbua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-livumbua
|
-yavumbua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kivumbua
|
-vivumbua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ivumbua
|
-zivumbua
|
| u(XI)
|
-uvumbua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuvumbua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pavumbua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muvumbua
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jivumbua
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -vumbua- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-vumbuaye
|
-vumbuao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-vumbuao
|
-vumbuayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-vumbualo
|
-vumbuayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-vumbuacho
|
-vumbuavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-vumbuayo
|
-vumbuazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-vumbuao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-vumbuako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-vumbuapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-vumbuamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -vumbua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yevumbua
|
-ovumbua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ovumbua
|
-yovumbua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lovumbua
|
-yovumbua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chovumbua
|
-vyovumbua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yovumbua
|
-zovumbua
|
| u(XI)
|
-ovumbua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kovumbua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-povumbua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-movumbua
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms