Rwanda-Rundi
Etymology
From *-bùmb-ɪk-a, a stative form of Proto-Bantu *-bùmba (“bake in ashes”).
Verb
-vūmbika (infinitive kuvūmbika, perfective -vūmbitse)
- cover the fire with ash
Swahili
Etymology
From *-bùmb-ɪk-a, a stative form of Proto-Bantu *-bùmba (“bake in ashes”).
Pronunciation
Verb
-vumbika (infinitive kuvumbika)
- to bury or cover something, especially to bake or ripen a food item
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -vumbika
|
| Positive present
|
-navumbika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-vumbike
|
| Negative
|
-vumbiki
|
| Imperative singular
|
vumbika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
vumbika
|
| Plural
|
vumbikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huvumbika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -livumbika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuvumbika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -navumbika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninavumbika/navumbika
|
tunavumbika
|
| 2nd person
|
unavumbika
|
mnavumbika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anavumbika
|
wanavumbika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -navumbika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -vumbiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sivumbiki
|
hatuvumbiki
|
| 2nd person
|
huvumbiki
|
hamvumbiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
havumbiki
|
hawavumbiki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -vumbiki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tavumbika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tavumbika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vumbike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nivumbike
|
tuvumbike
|
| 2nd person
|
uvumbike
|
mvumbike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
avumbike
|
wavumbike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -vumbike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sivumbike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngevumbika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singevumbika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalivumbika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalivumbika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avumbika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
navumbika
|
twavumbika
|
| 2nd person
|
wavumbika
|
mwavumbika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
avumbika
|
wavumbika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wavumbika
|
yavumbika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lavumbika
|
yavumbika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chavumbika
|
vyavumbika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yavumbika
|
zavumbika
|
| u(XI)
|
wavumbika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwavumbika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pavumbika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwavumbika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mevumbika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshavumbika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -javumbika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kivumbika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipovumbika
|
| Consecutive
|
kavumbika / positive subject concord + -kavumbika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kavumbike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nivumbika
|
-tuvumbika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuvumbika
|
-wavumbika/-kuvumbikeni/-wavumbikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mvumbika
|
-wavumbika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uvumbika
|
-ivumbika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-livumbika
|
-yavumbika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kivumbika
|
-vivumbika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ivumbika
|
-zivumbika
|
| u(XI)
|
-uvumbika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuvumbika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pavumbika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muvumbika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jivumbika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -vumbika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-vumbikaye
|
-vumbikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-vumbikao
|
-vumbikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-vumbikalo
|
-vumbikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-vumbikacho
|
-vumbikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-vumbikayo
|
-vumbikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-vumbikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-vumbikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-vumbikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-vumbikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -vumbika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yevumbika
|
-ovumbika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ovumbika
|
-yovumbika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lovumbika
|
-yovumbika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chovumbika
|
-vyovumbika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yovumbika
|
-zovumbika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ovumbika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kovumbika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-povumbika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-movumbika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|