Swahili
Etymology
From wajibu (“duty, obligation, commitment”) + -ika (stative suffix).
Verb
-wajibika (infinitive kuwajibika)
- Stative form of wajibu: to be responsible, to act responsibly
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -wajibika
|
| Positive present
|
-nawajibika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-wajibike
|
| Negative
|
-wajibiki
|
| Imperative singular
|
wajibika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
wajibika
|
| Plural
|
wajibikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huwajibika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liwajibika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuwajibika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nawajibika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninawajibika/nawajibika
|
tunawajibika
|
| 2nd person
|
unawajibika
|
mnawajibika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anawajibika
|
wanawajibika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nawajibika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -wajibiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siwajibiki
|
hatuwajibiki
|
| 2nd person
|
huwajibiki
|
hamuwajibiki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hawajibiki
|
hawawajibiki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -wajibiki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tawajibika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tawajibika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -wajibike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niwajibike
|
tuwajibike
|
| 2nd person
|
uwajibike
|
muwajibike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
awajibike
|
wawajibike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -wajibike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siwajibike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngewajibika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singewajibika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliwajibika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliwajibika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -awajibika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nawajibika
|
twawajibika
|
| 2nd person
|
wawajibika
|
mwawajibika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
awajibika
|
wawajibika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wawajibika
|
yawajibika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lawajibika
|
yawajibika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chawajibika
|
vyawajibika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yawajibika
|
zawajibika
|
| u(XI)
|
wawajibika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwawajibika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pawajibika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwawajibika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mewajibika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshawajibika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jawajibika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiwajibika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipowajibika
|
| Consecutive
|
kawajibika / positive subject concord + -kawajibika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kawajibike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niwajibika
|
-tuwajibika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuwajibika
|
-wawajibika/-kuwajibikeni/-wawajibikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-muwajibika
|
-wawajibika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uwajibika
|
-iwajibika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liwajibika
|
-yawajibika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiwajibika
|
-viwajibika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iwajibika
|
-ziwajibika
|
| u(XI)
|
-uwajibika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuwajibika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pawajibika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muwajibika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiwajibika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -wajibika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-wajibikaye
|
-wajibikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-wajibikao
|
-wajibikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-wajibikalo
|
-wajibikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-wajibikacho
|
-wajibikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-wajibikayo
|
-wajibikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-wajibikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-wajibikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-wajibikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-wajibikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -wajibika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yewajibika
|
-owajibika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-owajibika
|
-yowajibika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lowajibika
|
-yowajibika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chowajibika
|
-vyowajibika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yowajibika
|
-zowajibika
|
| u(XI)
|
-owajibika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kowajibika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-powajibika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mowajibika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms