Swahili
FWOTD – 3 February 2021
Pronunciation
Verb
-zindua (infinitive kuzindua)
- Conversive form of -zinda:
- to launch, to inaugurate
2013, Nyayo Za Obama: Ni Rajua Za Ujasiri, page 202:Mnamo mwaka 1945, Marekani pamoja na nchi rafiki zilizindua Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa (IMF) […]- In the year 1945, the United States, together with friendly nations, launched the International Monetary Fund (IMF) […]
- to awaken, arouse
- to disenchant
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -zindua
|
| Positive present
|
-nazindua
|
| Subjunctive
|
-zindue
|
| Negative
|
-zindui
|
| Imperative singular
|
zindua
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
zindua
|
| Plural
|
zindueni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huzindua
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lizindua
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuzindua
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nazindua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninazindua/nazindua
|
tunazindua
|
| 2nd person
|
unazindua
|
mnazindua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anazindua
|
wanazindua
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nazindua
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -zindui)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sizindui
|
hatuzindui
|
| 2nd person
|
huzindui
|
hamzindui
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hazindui
|
hawazindui
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -zindui
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tazindua
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tazindua
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -zindue)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nizindue
|
tuzindue
|
| 2nd person
|
uzindue
|
mzindue
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azindue
|
wazindue
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -zindue
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sizindue
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngezindua
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singezindua
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalizindua
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalizindua
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -azindua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nazindua
|
twazindua
|
| 2nd person
|
wazindua
|
mwazindua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
azindua
|
wazindua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wazindua
|
yazindua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lazindua
|
yazindua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chazindua
|
vyazindua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yazindua
|
zazindua
|
| u(XI)
|
wazindua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwazindua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pazindua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwazindua
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mezindua
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshazindua
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jazindua
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kizindua
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipozindua
|
| Consecutive
|
kazindua / positive subject concord + -kazindua
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kazindue
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nizindua
|
-tuzindua
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuzindua
|
-wazindua/-kuzindueni/-wazindueni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mzindua
|
-wazindua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uzindua
|
-izindua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lizindua
|
-yazindua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kizindua
|
-vizindua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-izindua
|
-zizindua
|
| u(XI)
|
-uzindua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuzindua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pazindua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muzindua
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jizindua
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -zindua- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-zinduaye
|
-zinduao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-zinduao
|
-zinduayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-zindualo
|
-zinduayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-zinduacho
|
-zinduavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-zinduayo
|
-zinduazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-zinduao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-zinduako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-zinduapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-zinduamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -zindua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yezindua
|
-ozindua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ozindua
|
-yozindua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lozindua
|
-yozindua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chozindua
|
-vyozindua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yozindua
|
-zozindua
|
| u(XI)
|
-ozindua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kozindua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pozindua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mozindua
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms