ایل

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ēl (“realm”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰃𐰠 (é̄l), Bashkir ил (il), Chuvash ял (jal), Kazakh ел (el), Kyrgyz эл (el), Tatar ил (il), Turkmen īl, Uyghur ئەل (el) and Uzbek el.

• ال (ẹl)

• IPA^(key): /el/

ایل • (ẹl) (definite accusative ایلی (ẹli), plural ایللر (ẹller))

1. land, country, region; the territory of a nation, a sovereign state or a region once independent and still distinct in institutions, language, etc.

   Synonyms: یر (yẹr), طپراق (ṭopraq), مملكت (memleket)

2. homeland, motherland, the country or place that one regards as home.

   Synonyms: وطن (veṭen), یورت (yurt)

3. nation, people, a historically constituted, stable community of people, formed based on a common language, territory, economic life, ethnicity and/or psychological make-up manifested in a common culture

   Synonyms: اولوس (ulus), ملت (millet)

4. tribe, an ethnic group larger than a band or clan (and which may contain clans) but smaller than a nation (and which in turn may constitute a nation with other tribes).

   Synonym: بوی (boy)

5. relative, someone connected by blood, marriage, or adoption; someone in the same family.

   Synonym: اویا (uya)

6. friend, a person, typically someone other than a family member, spouse or lover, whose company one enjoys and towards whom one feels affection.

   Synonyms: یار (yār), دوست (dōst), قولداش (qoldaş), قزاق (qazaq), اویا (uya), قوشداش (qoşdaş), اوكور (ögür)

7. (collective) other people; foreigners, strangers
   1. any other person than oneself; others, other people
   2. any other person than the oneself and the people the spoken to
   3. any person that the one does not know or recognize, strangers, foreigners
   4. any person that is not a part of one's nation, tribe, family, clan etc.

• Azerbaijani: el
• Gagauz: el
• Ottoman Turkish: ایل (il, el)
  • Turkish: il, el
  • → Armenian: էլ (ēl)

• Tietze, Andreas (2009) “el III”, in Tarihi ve Etimolojik Türkiye Türkçesi Lügati [Historical and Etymological Dictionary of Turkish] (in Turkish), volume II, Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, pages 578-579
• Kanar, Mehmet (2018) “il”, in Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, pages 364-365
• XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎^[1] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “il”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “il1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2132

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ایل • (ẹl) (definite accusative ایلی (ẹli), plural ایللر (ẹller))

1. alternative form of یل (yẹl, “wind”)

• Kanar, Mehmet (2018) Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, page 578
• “il”, in XIII. Yüzyılından Beri Türkiye Türkçesiyle Yazılmış Kitaplarından Toplanan Tanıklarıyle Tarama Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu yayınları; 212)‎^[2] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1977

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ایل • (il)

1. second-person singular imperative of ایلمك (ilmek, “to touch”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ایل • (ıl) (definite accusative ایلی (ılı), plural ایللر (ıllar))

1. alternative form of یل (yıl, “year”)

• Kanar, Mehmet (2018) Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Old Anatolian Turkish Dictionary] (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Istanbul: Say Yayınları, page 349

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish ایل (ẹl), from Proto-Turkic *ēl (“realm”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰃𐰠 (é̄l), Azerbaijani el, Bashkir ил (il), Chuvash ял (jal), Kazakh ел (el), Kyrgyz эл (el), Tatar ил (il), Turkmen īl, Uyghur ئەل (el) and Uzbek el.

ایل • (il)

1. (originally) any other person that one's self, others, other people
2. any person or persons other than one's own household, tribe, or nation, strangers
3. tribe, people, or nation; especially a subdivision of a large tribe called ulus

   Synonym: قوم (kavm, kavim)

4. the country of any particular tribe, or ruled over by any particular man or dynasty

   Synonyms: اولكا (ülke), دولت (devlet)

• Turkish: il, el
• → Armenian: էլ (ēl)

From a Turkic language, ultimately from Proto-Turkic *ēl.

ایل • (ēl / il) (plural ایلات (ēlāt / ilât), or ایل‌ها (ēl-hā / il-hâ))

1. clan
2. tribe
3. (Tajik) friend

Likely borrowed from Azerbaijani ایل/il

ایل • (īl / il)

1. year (used only in Turkic year names)

Borrowed from Arabic أُيَّل (ʔuyyal).

ایل • (uyyal / oyyal)

1. (Archaic or Classical Persian) deer, stag

• “ایل”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو [Vožajü] (in Tajik), 2025