عرف

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.ra.fa/

• Audio:

  (file)

عَرَفَ • (ʕarafa) I (non-past يَعْرِفُ (yaʕrifu), verbal noun مَعْرِفَة (maʕrifa) or عِرْفَان (ʕirfān)) (transitive)

1. to be familiar with (a person, a place, a piece of news or information, and so on); to know

   Synonym: خَبُرَ (ḵabura)

   Antonyms: أَنْكَرَ (ʔankara), جَهِلَ (jahila)

   Coordinate terms: عَلِمَ (ʕalima), دَرَى (darā)

   هَلْ تَعْرِفُهَا؟ ― hal taʕrifuhā? ― Do you know her?

   أَعْرِفُ أَنَّهَا دَرَسَتِ الْحُقُوقَ.

   ʔaʕrifu ʔannahā darasati l-ḥuqūqa.

   I know that she studied law.

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 12:58:

     وَجَاءَ إِخْوَةُ يُوسُفَ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ فَعَرَفَهُمْ وَهُمْ لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ

     wajāʔa ʔiḵwatu yūsufa fadaḵalū ʕalayhi faʕarafahum wahum lahu munkirūna

     Then Joseph's brothers came in, and he knew them, while they did not recall him.

2. to be familiar with (a skill or profession); to be experienced in; to be proficient at or in; can

   Synonym: أَجَادَ (ʔajāda, “to excel at”)

   هُوَ عَارِفٌ بِالْيَابَانِيَّةِ

   huwa ʕārifun bi-l-yābāniyyati

   He is proficient in Japanese.

   أَعْرِفُ الْعَزْفَ وَالْغِنَاءَ.

   ʔaʕrifu al-ʕazfa wālḡināʔa.

   I know how to sing and play music.

   هُمْ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ السِّبَاحَةَ.

   hum lā yaʕrifūna as-sibāḥata.

   They cannot swim.

3. to recognise (a person, a place, and so on); to identify; to recall

   Synonym: تَذَكَّرَ (taḏakkara, “to remember”)

   .أَرَيْتُهَا صُورَتَهُ فَلَمْ تَعْرِفْهُ

   .ʔaraytuhā ṣūratahu falam taʕrifhu

   I showed her his picture, but she could not recognize him.

4. to become aware of; to find out

   Synonym: أَدْرَكَ (ʔadraka)

   فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ كاذِبٌ.

   faʕaraftu ʔannahu kāḏibun.

   That is when I knew he was lying.

• IPA^(key): /ʕar.ra.fa/

عَرَّفَ • (ʕarrafa) II (non-past يُعَرِّفُ (yuʕarrifu), verbal noun تَعْرِيف (taʕrīf))

1. (transitive) to define
2. (ditransitive) to tell about, to inform of, to make aware of; to acquaint with, to introduce to

• IPA^(key): /ʕurf/

عُرْف • (ʕurf) m (plural أَعْرَاف (ʔaʕrāf)) (countable)

1. a practice that is widely known somewhere or in some group; a convention; custom; a tradition

   Synonym: سُنَّة (sunna, “a characteristic practice, especially one that is popularized or enforced”)

2. the crest or comb of a rooster, a cockscomb
   1. any tuftlike protuberance; an outgrowth

      Synonym: نُتُوء (nutūʔ, “a protrusion; a projection; a protuberance”)

   2. (uncommon) the forelock of a horse

• → Northern Kurdish: urf
• → Ottoman Turkish: عرف (ʿörf)

  > Turkish: örf (inherited)

• → Uyghur: ئۇرپ (urp)
• → Uzbek: urf

• IPA^(key): /ʕarf/

عَرْف • (ʕarf) m

1. scent, aroma

• → Swahili: harufu

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “عرف”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
• Mace, John (2007) “عرف”, in Arabic Verbs, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN

From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

• IPA^(key): /ʕi.rif/

عرف • (ʕirif) I (non-past يعرف (yiʕraf))

1. to know
2. to recognize, to distinguish
3. to discover, to find out
4. to show consideration for
5. to have the ability, to be able

   للأسف معرفتش أصور في الحفلة.

   li-l-ʔasaf ma-ʕriftiš ʔaṣawwir fi-l-ḥafla

   Unfortunately I couldn't film in the party.

6. to be familiar with; to be proficient in; to be conversant with [with ل]

From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.raf/

عِرِف • (ʕirif) I (non-past يِعْرِف (yiʕrif))

1. to know

   Synonym: دِري (diri)

From Arabic عَرَّفَ (ʕarrafa).

• IPA^(key): /ʕar.raf/

عَرَّف • (ʕarraf) II (non-past يِعَرِّف (yiʕarrif))

1. to inform, to let know

   Synonyms: بَلَّغ (ballaḡ), دَرَّى (darra)

2. to introduce (someone)

From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

• IPA^(key): /ʕraf/

عرف • (ʕraf) I (non-past يعرف (yiʕraf))

1. to know

1=ع
4=ʕ
5=r
3=ف
2=ر
6=f

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

From Arabic عَرَفَ (ʕarafa).

• IPA^(key): /ʕi.rif/, [ˈʕi.rˤɪf]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

عرف • (ʕirif) I (present بعرف (biʕrif), active participle عارف (ʕāref))

1. to know

   لو عرفت، كنت قلتلّك.

   law ʕrift, kunt ʔoltillak.

   If I had known, I would have told you.

   ما بعرف وين البنك. ― mā baʕref wēn il-bank. ― I don't know where the bank is.

   بتعرفو تسبحو؟ ― btiʕrefu tisbaḥu? ― Do you know how to swim?

• Like عمل (ʕimil), non-past forms may use “a” as the core vowel and in the prefix, so forms like بِعْرَف (beʕraf) and بْيَعْرِف (byaʕref) are possible as well.

From Arabic عَرَّفَ (ʕarrafa).

• IPA^(key): /ʕar.raf/, [ˈʕarˤ.rˤɑf]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

عرّف • (ʕarraf) II (present بعرّف (biʕarref))

1. to inform, to let know

   Synonyms: خبّر (ḵabbar), بلّغ (ballaḡ)

2. to introduce (someone)