See also: ⿻千⿱卄一
U+4E56, 乖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E56

[U+4E55]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E57]

Translingual

Japanese ⿻千⿱卄一
Simplified
Traditional
Stroke order
Stroke order
Japan

Han character

(Kangxi radical 4, 丿+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹十中心 (HJLP), four-corner 20111, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 83, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 149
  • Dae Jaweon: page 166, character 26
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 38, character 18
  • Unihan data for U+4E56

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𠁰
𦮃
𠂯

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts


References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

According to Xu Shen, 𦫳 together with 𠔁.

Pronunciation


Note: 1kuae - Literary reading.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (34)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter kweaj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠuɛi/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷᵚæi/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɐi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwəɨj/
Li
Rong
/kuɛi/
Wang
Li
/kwɐi/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kwăi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guāi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwaai1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guāi
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwɛj ›
Old
Chinese
/*kʷˁrəj/
English oppose; disorder

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4401
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷrɯːl/

Definitions

  1. clever; alert
  2. (usually of a child or animal) well-behaved; docile; obedient; nice; untroublesome
    真係 [Cantonese, trad.]
    真系 [Cantonese, simp.]
    nei5 go3 zai2 zan1 hai6 hou2 gwaai1. [Jyutping]
    Your son is very well-behaved.
    唔好~。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    m4 hou2 haam3 laa1. gwaai1 ~. [Jyutping]
    Don't cry, OK? (talking to a child)
  3. (literary, or in compounds) to violate; to rebel
  4. (literary, or in compounds) to separate; to split
  5. (literary, or in compounds) to break off; to cut off
  6. (literary, or in compounds) difference; mistake
  7. (literary, or in compounds) unnatural; strange
      ―  guāi  ―  perverse (of behaviour); disagreeable (of character)
  8. (Sichuanese, Xiang) beautiful

Usage notes

  • Unlike English obedient, is a positive compliment when used to describe a child. On the contrary, it is similarly disparaging when used for adults.

Synonyms

  • (clever):
  • (well-behaved):
  • (to violate):
  • (beautiful):

Antonyms

  • (antonym(s) of clever):
  • (antonym(s) of well-behaved): (Cantonese) (jai5)

See also

Compounds

  • 不乖
  • 乖乖
  • 乖乖兒的 / 乖乖儿的
  • 乖乖嘴
  • 乖乖的
  • 乖人
  • 乖僻 (guāipì)
  • 乖分
  • 乖別 / 乖别
  • 乖劣
  • 乖嘴
  • 乖子
  • 乖巧 (guāiqiǎo)
  • 乖張 / 乖张 (guāizhāng)
  • 乖忤
  • 乖性兒 / 乖性儿
  • 乖慵
  • 乖戾 (guāilì)
  • 乖滑
  • 乖爭 / 乖争
  • 乖異 / 乖异
  • 乖眼
  • 乖舛 (guāichuǎn)
  • 乖衰
  • 乖覺 / 乖觉 (guāijué)
  • 乖覺可喜 / 乖觉可喜 (guāijuékěxǐ)
  • 乖角
  • 乖訛 / 乖讹
  • 乖誤 / 乖误
  • 乖調 / 乖调
  • 乖謬 / 乖谬 (guāimiù)
  • 乖蹇
  • 乖迕
  • 乖違 / 乖违
  • 乖間 / 乖间
  • 乖阻
  • 乖隔
  • 乖離 / 乖离 (guāilí)
  • 乖離率 / 乖离率
  • 伶俐乖覺 / 伶俐乖觉
  • 伶俐嘴乖
  • 使乖
  • 出乖弄醜 / 出乖弄丑 (chūguāinòngchǒu)
  • 出乖露醜 / 出乖露丑
  • 口乖心歪
  • 命乖運拙 / 命乖运拙
  • 命蹇時乖 / 命蹇时乖
  • 嘴乖
  • 學乖 / 学乖
  • 小乖乖
  • 弄乖
  • 打乖
  • 抓乖
  • 抓乖賣俏 / 抓乖卖俏
  • 措置乖方
  • 放乖
  • 放乖潑 / 放乖泼
  • 放狂乖
  • 時乖 / 时乖 (shíguāi)
  • 時乖命蹇 / 时乖命蹇
  • 時乖運乖 / 时乖运乖
  • 時乖運拙 / 时乖运拙
  • 時乖運蹇 / 时乖运蹇
  • 狂乖
  • 聰明乖覺 / 聪明乖觉
  • 討乖 / 讨乖
  • 討好賣乖 / 讨好卖乖
  • 賣乖 / 卖乖 (màiguāi)
  • 運乖時蹇 / 运乖时蹇
  • 運拙時乖 / 运拙时乖
  • 運蹇時乖 / 运蹇时乖
  • 避乖
  • 首尾乖互

References

  • ”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 156.

Japanese

Shinjitai
(extended)

⿻千⿱卄一

Print
standard

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ⿻千⿱卄一)

  1. to diverge, to disobey, to go against

Readings

  • Go-on: (ke)
  • Kan-on: かい (kai)くわい (kwai, historical)
  • Kun: もとる (motoru, 乖る)そむく (somuku, 乖く)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 어그러질 (eogeureojil goe))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: quai, quay

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References