堪

堪 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土廿一女 (GTMV), four-corner 4411₁, composition ⿰土甚)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 233, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5266
• Dae Jaweon: page 471, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 460, character 1
• Unihan data for U+582A

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.

Sino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).

堪

1. may; can; to be capable of; to be able to

   • 花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)

     Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī. [Pinyin]

     When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.

2. to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure

   不堪一擊／不堪一击  ―  bùkānyījī  ―  cannot withstand a single blow

3. (obsolete) protrusion in the earth

(Jōyō kanji)

• Go-on: こん (kon)
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
• Kan’yō-on: たん (tan)
• Kun: たえる (taeru, 堪える, Jōyō)、こらえる (koraeru, 堪える)、こたえる (kotaeru, 堪える)、たまる (tamaru, 堪る)

From Middle Chinese 堪 (MC khom).

• IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

堪(かん) • (kan) 

1. to bear; to endure
2. capable

From Middle Chinese 堪 (MC khom).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠m]
• Phonetic hangul: [감]

Wikisource

堪 (eumhun 견딜 감 (gyeondil gam))

1. hanja form^? of 감 (“to endure; to bear”)
2. hanja form^? of 감 (“capable”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

堪: Hán Nôm readings: kham, khom, khăm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.