脯

脯	U+812F, 脯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-812F

← 脮
[U+812E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

脰 →
[U+8130]

Translingual

Han character

脯 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月戈十月 (BIJB), four-corner 7322₇, composition ⿰⺼甫)

Derived characters

䔕, 䈻

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 985, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29543
Dae Jaweon: page 1437, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2076, character 3
Unihan data for U+812F

Chinese

trad.		脯
simp. ^#		脯

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甫) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
豧	pʰoːs, pʰa, *pʰas
縛	baːɡs, baɡ
逋	*paː
餔	paː, baːs
晡	*paː
庯	*paː
陠	paː, pʰaː
鵏	paː, baːs
峬	*paː
誧	paː, pʰaː, pʰaːʔ, pʰaːs
秿	paː, pʰa, *baʔ
鯆	paː, pʰaː, *paʔ
補	*paːʔ
圃	paːʔ, paːs
鋪	pʰaː, pʰaːs, *pʰa
痡	pʰaː, pʰa
浦	*pʰaːʔ
烳	*pʰaːʔ
溥	pʰaːʔ, paːɡ
悑	*pʰaːs
酺	*baː
匍	*baː
蜅	baː, paʔ
脯	baː, paʔ
葡	*baː
蒱	*baː
蒲	*baː
簿	baːʔ, baːɡ
捕	*baːs
哺	*baːs
簠	pa, paʔ, *pʰas
甫	*paʔ
黼	*paʔ
莆	*paʔ
俌	paʔ, pʰaʔ
郙	paʔ, pʰa
傅	*paɡs
搏	paɡs, paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ
麱	*pʰa
尃	*pʰa
榑	*ba
輔	*baʔ
鬴	*baʔ
賻	*baɡs
博	*paːɡ
髆	*paːɡ
鎛	*paːɡ
猼	*paːɡ
餺	*paːɡ
簙	*paːɡ
鑮	paːɡ, baːɡ
欂	paːɡ, baɡ, *breːɡ
蒪	*pʰaːɡ
膊	*pʰaːɡ
薄	*baːɡ
礡	*baːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baː, *paʔ): semantic ⺼ + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pú (pu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pou⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): phù

(Hailu, HRS): pu
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): pou³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pô͘ / phô͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): pou²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pú
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pú
  - Wade–Giles: pʻu²
  - Yale: pú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
  - Palladius: пу (pu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: pou⁴
  - Yale: pòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: pou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phù
  - Hakka Romanization System: pu^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pu²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: pu
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰu⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: pou³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: pô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔu⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: pou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔu³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pô͘
  - Tâi-lô: pôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poo
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /pɔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phô͘
  - Tâi-lô: phôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoo
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /pʰɔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔ¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pou²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phóu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou⁵²/

Middle Chinese: pjuX

Rime
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方矩切
Baxter	pjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/pio^X/
Shao Rongfen	/pio^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puə̆^X/
Li Rong	/pio^X/
Wang Li	/pĭu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)aʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*baː/, /*paʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ pju^X ›
Old Chinese	/*p(r)aʔ/
English	dried meat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	脯	脯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3438	3450
Phonetic component	甫	甫
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	酺	甫
Old Chinese	/*baː/	/*paʔ/
Notes	原有草頭，今字省

Definitions

脯

chest; breast

Compounds

拍胸脯 (pāixiōngpú)
拔脯兒 / 拔脯儿
拔脯子
氣夯胸脯 / 气夯胸脯
胸脯 (xiōngpú)
脯子

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fǔ (fu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu² / pou²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): phú

(Hailu, HRS): bu^ˊ
Eastern Min (BUC): hū / buō
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hu³ / bou³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hú / pó͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): bou²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
  - Wade–Giles: fu³
  - Yale: fǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
  - Palladius: фу (fu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fu² / pou²
  - Yale: fú / póu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu² / pou²
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu² / pou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː³⁵/, /pʰou̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phú
  - Hakka Romanization System: pu^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pu³
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰu³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: bu^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /pu²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hū / buō
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³/, /puo³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hu³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hu³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bou³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: bô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔu⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔu³³²/

Note:

hu3 - literary;
bou3 - vernacular.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hú / pó͘
  - Tâi-lô: hú / póo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huo, por
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hu⁵³/, /pɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁵⁵⁴/, /pɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu⁵³/, /pɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hu⁵³/, /pɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu⁴¹/, /pɔ⁴¹/

Note:

hú - literary;
pó͘ - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: bou²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: póu
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou⁵²/

Middle Chinese: pjuX

Rime
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方矩切
Baxter	pjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/pio^X/
Shao Rongfen	/pio^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puə̆^X/
Li Rong	/pio^X/
Wang Li	/pĭu^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)aʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*baː/, /*paʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ pju^X ›
Old Chinese	/*p(r)aʔ/
English	dried meat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	脯	脯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3438	3450
Phonetic component	甫	甫
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	酺	甫
Old Chinese	/*baː/	/*paʔ/
Notes	原有草頭，今字省

Definitions

脯

dried meat
sun-dried candied fruit; preserved fruit

Compounds

杏脯 (xìngfǔ)
果脯 (guǒfǔ)
漏脯充饑 / 漏脯充饥
筍脯 / 笋脯
箑脯
肉山脯林
肉脯 (ròufǔ)
脩脯
脯資 / 脯资
脯醢
菜脯 (càifǔ)
豆脯
鹿脯

References

“脯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “脯”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 69.