茫

茫	U+832B, 茫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-832B

← 茪
[U+832A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

茬 →
[U+832C]

Translingual

Han character

茫 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿水卜女 (TEYV), four-corner 4411₀, composition ⿱艹汒)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1028, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30900
Dae Jaweon: page 1487, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3210, character 8
Unihan data for U+832B

Chinese

trad.		茫
simp. ^#		茫
alternative forms		汒芒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
忙	*maːŋ
芒	maːŋ, maŋ
茫	*maːŋ
恾	*maːŋ
吂	maːŋ, maːŋs
汒	maːŋ, maŋs
朚	maːŋ, hmaːŋ, maŋ, mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙	maːŋ, maŋ
杗	maːŋ, maŋ
荒	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋs
肓	*hmaːŋ
衁	*hmaːŋ
巟	*hmaːŋ
詤	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋʔ
謊	*hmaːŋʔ
喪	smaːŋs, smaːŋ
亡	*maŋ
望	maŋ, maŋs
莣	*maŋ
朢	maŋ, maŋs
鋩	*maŋ
硭	*maŋ
忘	maŋ, maŋs
网	*mlaŋʔ
罔	*mlaŋʔ
蛧	*maŋʔ
網	*mlaŋʔ
輞	*maŋʔ
棢	*maŋʔ
惘	*maŋʔ
菵	*maŋʔ
誷	*maŋʔ
魍	*maŋʔ
妄	*maŋs
盲	*mraːŋ
蝱	*mraːŋ
虻	*mraːŋ
氓	*mraːŋ
甿	*mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *maːŋ): semantic 艹 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 汒 (OC *maːŋ, *maŋs).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): máng (mang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mong⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): mong⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mòng
Eastern Min (BUC): mòng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bông / bâng

(Teochew, Peng'im): mang⁵
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶maon / ²maon / ²man

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: máng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: máng
  - Wade–Giles: mang²
  - Yale: máng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mang
  - Palladius: ман (man)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: mong⁴
  - Yale: mòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔːŋ²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: mong^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mong²
  - Sinological IPA: /moŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mouŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: morng²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: mó̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: morng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bông / bâng
  - Tâi-lô: bông / bâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boong, baang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bɔŋ²⁴/, /baŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔŋ²⁴/, /baŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ¹³/, /baŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bɔŋ²⁴/, /baŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ²³/, /baŋ²³/

Note:

bông - literary;
bâng - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: mang⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mâng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ⁵⁵/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶maon
  - MiniDict: maon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³maan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mɑ̃²³/
- (Northern: Suzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ²maon
  - MiniDict: maon^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /mɑ̃²²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /mɒŋ²³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /mɔ̃³¹³/
- (Northern: Hangzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²man
  - MiniDict: man^平
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /mɑŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: mang

Rime
Character	茫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫郎切
Baxter	mang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/mɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/mɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maŋ/
Li Rong	/mɑŋ/
Wang Li	/mɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	máng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mong⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*maːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	茫
Reading #	1/1
No.	12641
Phonetic component	亡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*maːŋ/
Notes	見漢書

Definitions

茫

vast; boundless; widespread
indistinct; vague
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 忙 (máng)

Compounds

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “茫”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 151.

Japanese

Kanji

茫

(Hyōgai kanji)

wide, expansive

Readings

Go-on: もう (mō)
Kan-on: ぼう (bō)
Kun: とおい (tōi, 茫い)

Korean

Hanja

茫 (eumhun 아득할 망 (adeukhal mang))

hanja form^? of 망 (“vast, boundless, widespread”)

Vietnamese

Han character

茫: Hán Nôm readings: mương, mang

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