豚

豚 (Kangxi radical 152, 豕+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月一尸人 (BMSO), four-corner 7123₂, composition ⿰月豕)

• 遯, 𧲝

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1194, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36352
• Dae Jaweon: page 1657, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3611, character 8
• Unihan data for U+8C5A

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 肉 (“meat”) + 豕 (“pig”).

Wang (1982) derives 豚 (OC *lˁunʔ) from 腯 (OC *lˁut).

Its is probably related to:

• 彖 (OC *l̥ʰoːns, “running pig”) and 貒 (OC *tʰoːn, “hog badger”), inside Chinese (Schuessler, 2007); and
• Proto-Mien *duŋᴮ (“pig”) (Sagart, 1999; Schuessler, 2007; Ratliff, 2010), as well as speculatively linked to Proto-Common Turkic *toŋuz (“pig”) and Middle Korean 돝 (twòth, “pig”) (Vovin 2011) outside of Chinese.

Jacques (2022b) favors Wang-proposed internal Chinese etymology and rejects Mienic etymology as well as relation to 彖 (OC *l̥ˁon-s), which he thinks did not mean "running pig" at all (despite being glossed so by only Shuowen Jiezi).

豚

1. piglet; suckling pig
2. (by extension) pig
3. (Internet slang, derogatory) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
4. a surname

(Jōyō kanji)

• Go-on: どん (don)
• Kan-on: とん (ton, Jōyō)
• Kun: ぶた (buta, 豚, Jōyō)

First attested in the mid-Muromachi period, some time in the late 1480s.^[1]

Derivation ultimately unknown.

Some sources list possible theories:^[2][3][4]

• A shift from 太 (futo, “fatty (fat individual), fatness”)

  The vowel shift and voicing required to go from futo to buta seem problematic, considering Japanese sound shift patterns.

• Cognate with Okinawan ぶたさん (butasan, “fat”).
• An onomatopoeia from the sound the animal makes, realized in Japanese as ブー (bū)

  The final -ta remains unexplained.

• Some combination of the two above
• A shift from 猪太 (ibuto, literally “swine + fatty”)

  Attestable online, but not found in Japanese etymological resources. Difficult to judge provenance or timing.

• A borrowing from Korean or Mongolian

  Neither Korean 돼지 (dwaeji, “pig”) nor Mongolian гахай (gaxaj, “pig”) show any phonological resemblance to buta, ruling out these possibilities.

The word butakal appears in several languages of the Philippines with a sense of boar (male pig), suggesting a possible source. However, any connection with an Austronesian language is only speculation.

The kanji is from Chinese 豚 (tún, “suckling pig”). Compare Japanese 猪 (inoshishi, “boar”) from Chinese 猪 (zhū, “pig”) and Japanese 猿 (saru, “monkey”) from Chinese 猿 (yuán, “ape”).

• (Tokyo) ぶた [bùtá] (Heiban – [0])^[5]
• IPA^(key): [bɯ̟ta̠]

豚(ぶた) or 豚(ブタ) • (buta) 

1. [from late 1480s] pig; swine
2. [from 1703] (derogatory) a fat person, an unattractive woman
3. [from 1846] pork (the meat)
4. [from 1960] a wild boar

   Synonym: 猪 (i, inoshishi)

5. [from 1723] a hand of cards worth zero (such as 8–9–3 totalling 20, which is equivalent to zero), in Baccarat-like three-card games such as おいちょかぶ
   • 1723 (享保八年), 竹田出雲 [Takeda Izumo] and 和田文耕堂 [Matsuda Bunkōdō],〈大塔宮曦鎧〉 [Ōtō no Miya Asahi no Yoroi]

     しらがまじりがまく歌流多。かはゝ川越播磨(かはごへはりま)ノ守。六々八のひつはりぶた。先六はらのあたまをちよつる。次のかるたは八九三。是もめでたし鎌倉ぶた。根(ね)こぎにしやんとかき込(こみ)し親は。二三四のぼり九寸(がう)。

6. [from ???] (colloquial, poker) synonym of ハイカード (hai kādo, “high card”): a no pair, a hand without even a pair (probably a modification of the term for a zero-valued card hand)
   • 2000 July 7 [2000 May 17], Seimaru Amagi with Sato, Fumiya, “FILE(ファイル) 1(いち)　殺(さつ)人(じん)ポーカー　Unlucky Men in the Rain　〈問(もん)題(だい)編(へん)〉 [FILE 1: Murderous Poker: Unlucky Men in the Rain ‹Problem›]”, in 明智警視の優雅なる事件簿 [Superintendent Akechi Elegant Case Files], 3rd edition (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN:

     赤(あか)菱(びし)さんのカードは８(はち)とＪ(ジャック)のツーペア‥‥三(みつ)矢(や)さんはＡ(エース)のスリーカード　雲(くも)間(ま)さんはＱ(クイーン)のワンペア　緑(みとり)川(かわ)さんは役なし(ブタ)‥‥

     Akabishi-san no kādo wa hachi to jakku no tsū-pea... Mitsuya-san wa ēsu no surī-kādo, Kumoma-san wa kuīn no wan-pea, Midorikawa-san wa buta...

     Akabishi-san’s hand would have a two pair, eights and jacks‥‥ Mitsuya-san’s a three of a kind, aces. Kumoma-san’s a one pair, queens. Midorikawa-san’s a high card...

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ブタ (buta).

• 豚(ぶた)に真(しん)珠(じゅ) (buta ni shinju, “pearls before swine”)
• 豚(ぶた)もおだてりゃ木(き)に登(ぼ)る (buta mo odaterya ki ni boru)

• → Ainu: プタ (puta)

• 猪 (i, inoshishi, “wild boar”)
• アグー (agū, “Okinawan pig breed”)

From Middle Chinese 豚 (MC dwon).

Recorded as Middle Korean 똔 (Yale: ttwon) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 돈 (twon) (Yale: twon) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource

豚 (eumhun 돼지 돈 (dwaeji don))

1. hanja form^? of 돈 (“pig”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

(Jōyō kanji)

• Kun: っわー ('wā)

/ʔuwaː/ → /ʔwaː/

From Proto-Ryukyuan *uwa. Cognate with Yoron っわー ('wā, “pig”), Tokunoshima っわー ('wā, “pig”), Miyako わー (wā, vā, “pig”), Yaeyama おー (ō, “pig”), Yonaguni わー (wā, “pig”).

Likely not related to Japanese 豚 (buta, “pig, swine, hog”).

• IPA^(key): [ʔwaː]

豚(っわー) ('wā) 

1. a pig, hog, swine

• “っわー・うゎー・ぅわー【豚・豕】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

豚: Hán Nôm readings: đồn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.