躬
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Translingual
Han character
躬 (Kangxi radical 158, 身+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹弓 (HHN), four-corner 27227, composition ⿰身弓)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1237, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38038
- Dae Jaweon: page 1710, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3808, character 8
- Unihan data for U+8EAC
Chinese
| trad. | 躬 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 躬 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kuŋ): semantic 身 (“body”) + phonetic 弓 (OC *kʷɯŋ).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *guŋ (“body, back”). Compare Burmese အကောင် (a.kaung, “body”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gung1
- Gan (Wiktionary): gung1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): gung1
- Northern Min (KCR): gé̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1kon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: gōng
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gong
- Wade–Giles: kung1
- Yale: gūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong
- Palladius: гун (gun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gung1
- Yale: gūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: gung1
- Guangdong Romanization: gung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûng
- Hakka Romanization System: giungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: giung1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯uŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: giung1
- Sinological IPA: /kiʊŋ⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gé̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
- Tâi-lô: kiong
- Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
- IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: giong1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiong
- Sinological IPA (key): /kioŋ³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: kjuwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)uŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kuŋ/
Definitions
躬
- body
- 鞠躬 ― jūgōng ― to bow (literally, “to bend one’s body”)
- oneself
- in person; personally
- 臣本布衣,躬耕於南陽。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 227, 諸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng) (Zhuge Liang), 前出師表 (Former Chu Shi Biao)
- Chén běn bùyī, gōng gēng yú Nányáng. [Pinyin]
- I was originally a commoner. I personally farmed in Nanyang.
臣本布衣,躬耕于南阳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to stoop
Compounds
- 三鞠躬
- 事必躬親 / 事必躬亲 (shìbìgōngqīn)
- 倒笏躬身
- 匪躬
- 匪躬之操
- 匪躬之節 / 匪躬之节
- 卑躬屈節 / 卑躬屈节 (bēigōng-qūjié)
- 卑躬屈膝 (bēigōng-qūxī)
- 反躬 (fǎngōng)
- 反躬自問 / 反躬自问 (fǎngōngzìwèn)
- 反躬自省 (fǎngōngzìxǐng)
- 反躬自責 / 反躬自责
- 引咎責躬 / 引咎责躬
- 打躬 (dǎgōng)
- 打躬作揖
- 控背躬身
- 撫躬自問 / 抚躬自问 (fǔgōngzìwèn)
- 政躬
- 政躬康泰
- 整躬率物
- 斂躬 / 敛躬
- 曲躬躬
- 朕躬 (zhèngōng)
- 末躬
- 治躬
- 盡瘁鞠躬 / 尽瘁鞠躬
- 直躬
- 直躬之信
- 福躬
- 節儉躬行 / 节俭躬行
- 聖躬 / 圣躬 (shènggōng)
- 背躬
- 責躬省過 / 责躬省过
- 躬先士卒
- 躬先表率
- 躬圭
- 躬往
- 躬擐甲冑
- 躬桑
- 躬稼
- 躬耕 (gōnggēng)
- 躬耕樂道 / 躬耕乐道
- 躬自 (gōngzì)
- 躬自菲薄
- 躬行
- 躬行實踐 / 躬行实践
- 躬行節儉 / 躬行节俭
- 躬親 / 躬亲 (gōngqīn)
- 躬詣 / 躬诣
- 躬蹈矢石
- 躬身 (gōngshēn)
- 躬逢其盛
- 躬逢目擊 / 躬逢目击
- 躬體力行 / 躬体力行
- 返躬內省 / 返躬内省
- 鞠躬 (jūgōng)
- 鞠躬盡瘁 / 鞠躬尽瘁 (jūgōngjìncuì)
- 飭躬 / 饬躬
Japanese
Kanji
躬
Readings
- Go-on: く (ku)、くう (kū)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū)←きゆう (kyuu, historical)
- Kun: み (mi, 躬)、みずから (mizukara, 躬)←みづから (midukara, 躬, historical)、みずからする (mizukarasuru, 躬する)←みづからする (midukarasuru, 躬する, historical)
Korean
Hanja
躬 • (gung) (hangeul 궁, revised gung, McCune–Reischauer kung, Yale kwung)
- body
- personally, in person
Vietnamese
Han character
躬: Hán Nôm readings: cung, còng
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