駒

駒 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+5, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸火心口 (SFPR), four-corner 7732₀, composition ⿰馬句)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1436, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44663
• Dae Jaweon: page 1960, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4549, character 2
• Unihan data for U+99D2

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ko): semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo).

Ultimately from Sanskrit घोट (ghoṭa), घोड (ghoḍa) (see घोटक (ghoṭaka) for Indo-Aryan descendants), which has been borrowed into many Sino-Tibetan languages; cognate with Proto-Tani *kɯ, Mizo sa-kawr (STEDT 6023).

Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this to 狗 (OC *koːʔ, “dog; puppy”), 羔 (OC *kluː, “lamb”), 𤘽 (“calf”).

駒

1. foal (young horse)

   • 老馬反為駒、不顧其後。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     老马反为驹、不顾其后。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Lǎomǎ fǎn wéi jū, bù gù qí hòu. [Pinyin]

     An old horse, notwithstanding, thinks himself a colt, and has no regard to the future.

2. a surname

• “駒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jōyō kanji)

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: く (ku)
• Kun: こま (koma, 駒, Jōyō)

• 駒(く)隙(げき) (kugeki, “months and days passing quickly”)
• 隙(げき)駒(く) (gekiku, “months and days passing quickly”)
• 白(はっ)駒(く) (hakku, “white horse; time”)

Compound of 子(こ) (ko, “child”) + 馬(ま) (ma, “horse”).

See also 子馬(こうま) (kouma).

• (Tokyo) こま [kóꜜmà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2] (all except "bridge" sense)
• (Tokyo) こま [kòmá] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ma̠]

駒(こま) • (koma) 

2. (rare) foal, young horse (or generally) horse
4. (shogi, chess) piece, man
   • 2013, Habu Yoshiharu: Shōgi-shi o nuri-kaeta otoko [Yoshiharu Habu: The man who changed the face of shogi history], page 88:

     ポーンは一(いっ)歩(ぽ)斜(なな)めにある駒(こま)を取(と)ることができます。

     Pōn wa ippo naname ni aru koma o toru koto ga dekimasu.

     A pawn can take a piece that is one step away diagonally.

6. someone controlled by another: a pawn, a puppet
8. (music) bridge (the piece, on string instruments, that supports the strings from the sounding board)

• (horse): 馬(うま) (uma)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ku]
• Phonetic hangul: [구]

Wikisource

駒 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

駒: Hán Nôm readings: câu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.