Swahili
Etymology
From the same root as -angika + -ua (conversive) + -ka (stative).
Pronunciation
Verb
-anguka (infinitive kuanguka)
- to fall, fall down
- to crash (of an aeroplane)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -anguka
|
| Positive present
|
-naanguka
|
| Subjunctive
|
-anguke
|
| Negative
|
-anguki
|
| Imperative singular
|
anguka
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
anguka
|
| Plural
|
angukeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huanguka
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lianguka
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuanguka
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naanguka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaanguka/naanguka
|
tunaanguka
|
| 2nd person
|
unaanguka
|
mnaanguka
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaanguka
|
wanaanguka
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naanguka
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -anguki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sianguki
|
hatuanguki
|
| 2nd person
|
huanguki
|
hamwanguki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haanguki
|
hawaanguki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -anguki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taanguka
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taanguka
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -anguke)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nianguke
|
tuanguke
|
| 2nd person
|
uanguke
|
mwanguke
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aanguke
|
waanguke
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -anguke
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sianguke
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeanguka
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeanguka
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalianguka
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalianguka
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aanguka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naanguka
|
twaanguka
|
| 2nd person
|
waanguka
|
mwaanguka
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aanguka
|
waanguka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waanguka
|
yaanguka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laanguka
|
yaanguka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaanguka
|
vyaanguka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaanguka
|
zaanguka
|
| u(XI)
|
waanguka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaanguka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paanguka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaanguka
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meanguka
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaanguka
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaanguka
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kianguka
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoanguka
|
| Consecutive
|
kaanguka / positive subject concord + -kaanguka
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaanguke
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nianguka
|
-tuanguka
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuanguka
|
-waanguka/-kuangukeni/-waangukeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwanguka
|
-waanguka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uanguka
|
-ianguka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lianguka
|
-yaanguka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kianguka
|
-vianguka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ianguka
|
-zianguka
|
| u(XI)
|
-uanguka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuanguka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paanguka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muanguka
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jianguka
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -anguka- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-angukaye
|
-angukao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-angukao
|
-angukayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-angukalo
|
-angukayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-angukacho
|
-angukavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-angukayo
|
-angukazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-angukao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-angukako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-angukapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-angukamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -anguka)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeanguka
|
-oanguka
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oanguka
|
-yoanguka
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loanguka
|
-yoanguka
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choanguka
|
-vyoanguka
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoanguka
|
-zoanguka
|
| u(XI)
|
-oanguka
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koanguka
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poanguka
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moanguka
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms