cobrar
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Catalan recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (Central) [kuˈβɾa]
- IPA(key): (Balearic) [koˈbɾa]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [koˈbɾaɾ]
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb
cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobrí, past participle cobrat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/
- (transitive) to charge (money)
- (transitive) to collect, receive (payment)
- (transitive) to earn, be paid
Conjugation
| infinitive | cobrar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | cobrant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | cobrat | cobrada | |||||
| plural | cobrats | cobrades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | cobro | cobres | cobra | cobrem | cobreu | cobren | |
| imperfect | cobrava | cobraves | cobrava | cobràvem | cobràveu | cobraven | |
| future | cobraré | cobraràs | cobrarà | cobrarem | cobrareu | cobraran | |
| preterite | cobrí | cobrares | cobrà | cobràrem | cobràreu | cobraren | |
| conditional | cobraria | cobraries | cobraria | cobraríem | cobraríeu | cobrarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | cobri | cobris | cobri | cobrem | cobreu | cobrin | |
| imperfect | cobrés | cobressis | cobrés | cobréssim | cobréssiu | cobressin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | cobra | cobri | cobrem | cobreu | cobrin | |
| negative (no) | — | no cobris | no cobri | no cobrem | no cobreu | no cobrin | |
Related terms
References
- “cobrar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “cobrar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “cobrar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “cobrar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
Anagrams
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese cobrar, from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), rebracketing from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Galician recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [koˈβɾaɾ]
Verb
cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobrei, past participle cobrado)
- (transitive, archaic) to recover, regain
- (transitive, archaic) to earn, win
- (transitive) to charge (ask for a certain amount of money for something)
- (transitive) to collect, receive (payment)
- (nautical, transitive) to haul
- Synonym: halar
- (figuratively) to have what one's deserve (what goes around comes around)
- Para, nena, que vas cobrar! ― Stop it, child, or you'll have what you are asking for
Conjugation
1Less recommended.
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cobrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cobrar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cobrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “cobrar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cobrar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “cobrar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cobrar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Old Galician-Portuguese
Etymology
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence recobrar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ko.ˈbɾaɾ/
- Rhymes: -aɾ
Verb
cobrar
- to recover; to regain
- a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 3 (facsimile):
- Eſta é de como ſanta maria fez cobrar a Theophilo a carta que fezera cono demo u ſe tornou ſeu vaſſalo.
- This one is (about) how Holy Mary recovered for Theophilos the contract he had made with the Devil and became his vassal.
- Eſta é de como ſanta maria fez cobrar a Theophilo a carta que fezera cono demo u ſe tornou ſeu vaſſalo.
Conjugation
| infinitive | cobrar | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | simple | cobrando | |||||||
| compound | gerund of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| past participle | singular | plural | |||||||
| masculine | cobrado | cobrados | |||||||
| feminine | cobrada | cobradas | |||||||
| present participle | cobrante | cobrantes | |||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
| indicative mood | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
| simple tenses |
present | cobro | cobras | cobra | cobramos | cobrades | cobran | ||
| imperfect | cobrava | cobravas | cobrava | cobravamos, cobrávamos | cobravades, cobrávades | cobravan | |||
| preterite | cobrei | cobraste, cobrasche, cobrache | cobrou | cobramos | cobrastes | cobraron | |||
| pluperfect | cobrara | cobraras | cobrara | cobraramos, cobráramos | cobrarades, cobrárades | cobraran | |||
| future | cobrarei | cobrarás | cobrará | cobraremos | cobraredes | cobrarán | |||
| conditional | cobraria | cobrarias | cobraria | cobrariamos, cobraríamos | cobrariades, cobraríades | cobrarian | |||
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | |||||||
| pluperfect | imperfect of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| past anterior | preterite of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| pluperfect anterior | simple pluperfect of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| future perfect | future of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| subjunctive mood | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
| simple tenses |
present | cobre | cobres | cobre | cobremos | cobredes | cobren | ||
| imperfect | cobrasse | cobrasses | cobrasse | cobrassemos, cobrássemos | cobrassedes, cobrássedes | cobrassen | |||
| future | cobrar | cobrares | cobrar | cobrarmos | cobrardes | cobraren | |||
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | |||||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| future perfect | future subjunctive of haver or tẽer1 + past participle | ||||||||
| imperative mood | — | tu | — | nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
— | |||
| affirmative | — | cobra | — | cobremos | cobrade | — | |||
| negative | — | non cobres | — | non cobremos | non cobredes | — | |||
| personal infinitive | eu ei |
tu | el~ele ela |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
| cobrar | cobrares | cobrar | cobrarmos | cobrardes | cobraren | ||||
|
1 teer and “ter were also used, although all three were less common than haver. | |||||||||
Descendants
Further reading
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese cobrar, from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Portuguese recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /koˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [koˈbɾa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /koˈbɾa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /koˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [koˈbɾa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /koˈbɾa(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /kuˈbɾaɾ/ [kuˈβɾaɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /kuˈbɾa.ɾi/ [kuˈβɾa.ɾi]
- Hyphenation: co‧brar
Verb
cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobrei, past participle cobrado)(transitive)
- to charge (ask for a certain amount of money for something)
- to demand payment
- (by extension) to demand that something be done
- 2024 September 7, “Bolsonaro reúne milhares na Paulista, cobra freio a Moraes e repete pedido de anistia do 8/1”, in Folha de S.Paulo[1]:
- Ele cobrou freio ao magistrado e repetiu pedidos de anistia a presos pelo 8 de janeiro de 2023.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (sports) to take
- Synonym: bater
- cobrar falta ― to take a free kick
Conjugation
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Synonyms
Related terms
References
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Spanish recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /koˈbɾaɾ/ [koˈβ̞ɾaɾ]
Audio (Colombia): (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: co‧brar
Verb
cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobré, past participle cobrado)
- to charge (money, etc.)
- Me han cobrado dos veces.
- You've charged me twice.
- to collect
- to gather up (strength, bravery etc.)
- to pay for something (get one's dues)
- (reflexive) to claim (lives)
- El incendio se cobró tres vidas.
- The fire claimed three lives.
Conjugation
| infinitive | cobrar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | cobrando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | cobrado | cobrada | |||||
| plural | cobrados | cobradas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | cobro | cobrastú cobrásvos |
cobra | cobramos | cobráis | cobran | |
| imperfect | cobraba | cobrabas | cobraba | cobrábamos | cobrabais | cobraban | |
| preterite | cobré | cobraste | cobró | cobramos | cobrasteis | cobraron | |
| future | cobraré | cobrarás | cobrará | cobraremos | cobraréis | cobrarán | |
| conditional | cobraría | cobrarías | cobraría | cobraríamos | cobraríais | cobrarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | cobre | cobrestú cobrésvos2 |
cobre | cobremos | cobréis | cobren | |
| imperfect (ra) |
cobrara | cobraras | cobrara | cobráramos | cobrarais | cobraran | |
| imperfect (se) |
cobrase | cobrases | cobrase | cobrásemos | cobraseis | cobrasen | |
| future1 | cobrare | cobrares | cobrare | cobráremos | cobrareis | cobraren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | cobratú cobrávos |
cobre | cobremos | cobrad | cobren | ||
| negative | no cobres | no cobre | no cobremos | no cobréis | no cobren | ||
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive cobrar | dative | cobrarme | cobrarte | cobrarle, cobrarse | cobrarnos | cobraros | cobrarles, cobrarse |
| accusative | cobrarme | cobrarte | cobrarlo, cobrarla, cobrarse | cobrarnos | cobraros | cobrarlos, cobrarlas, cobrarse | |
| with gerund cobrando | dative | cobrándome | cobrándote | cobrándole, cobrándose | cobrándonos | cobrándoos | cobrándoles, cobrándose |
| accusative | cobrándome | cobrándote | cobrándolo, cobrándola, cobrándose | cobrándonos | cobrándoos | cobrándolos, cobrándolas, cobrándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative cobra | dative | cóbrame | cóbrate | cóbrale | cóbranos | not used | cóbrales |
| accusative | cóbrame | cóbrate | cóbralo, cóbrala | cóbranos | not used | cóbralos, cóbralas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative cobrá | dative | cobrame | cobrate | cobrale | cobranos | not used | cobrales |
| accusative | cobrame | cobrate | cobralo, cobrala | cobranos | not used | cobralos, cobralas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative cobre | dative | cóbreme | not used | cóbrele, cóbrese | cóbrenos | not used | cóbreles |
| accusative | cóbreme | not used | cóbrelo, cóbrela, cóbrese | cóbrenos | not used | cóbrelos, cóbrelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative cobremos | dative | not used | cobrémoste | cobrémosle | cobrémonos | cobrémoos | cobrémosles |
| accusative | not used | cobrémoste | cobrémoslo, cobrémosla | cobrémonos | cobrémoos | cobrémoslos, cobrémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative cobrad | dative | cobradme | not used | cobradle | cobradnos | cobraos | cobradles |
| accusative | cobradme | not used | cobradlo, cobradla | cobradnos | cobraos | cobradlos, cobradlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative cobren | dative | cóbrenme | not used | cóbrenle | cóbrennos | not used | cóbrenles, cóbrense |
| accusative | cóbrenme | not used | cóbrenlo, cóbrenla | cóbrennos | not used | cóbrenlos, cóbrenlas, cóbrense | |
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
Further reading
- “cobrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024