kona

See also: kôna, kōnā, and Kona
Languages (21)
Faroese • Gilbertese • Hawaiian • Icelandic • Japanese • Malawi Lomwe • Matal • Northern Ndebele • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Danish • Old Norse • Old Swedish • Phuthi • Polish • Sambali • Swahili • Swazi • Swedish • Tok Pisin • Xhosa
Page categories

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkʰoːna/

Noun

kona f (genitive singular konu, plural konur)

  1. woman
  2. wife

Declension

f1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kona konan konur konurnar
accusative konu konuna konur konurnar
dative konu konuni konum konunum
genitive konu konunnar kona konanna

Gilbertese

Verb

kona

  1. can; to be able to

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈko.na/, [ˈko.nə]

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Determiner

kona

  1. his, her, its third person singular possessive, o-type
Synonyms
See also
Hawaiian possessive pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person koʻu, kaʻu
kuʻu (affectionate, o- and a-type) 		ko māua, kā māua (exclusive)
ko kāua, kā kāua (inclusive) 		ko mākou, kā mākou (exclusive)
ko kākou, kā kākou (inclusive)
2nd person kou, kāu
kō (affectionate, o- and a-type) 		ko ʻolua, kā ʻolua ko ʻoukou, kā ʻoukou
3rd person kona, kāna ko lāua, kā lāua ko lākou, kā lākou
The o-type forms are used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars). The a-type forms are used for acquired possessions.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Compare Maori tonga.

Noun

kona

  1. leeward side of an island, southwest due to Hawaiian tradewinds

Etymology 3

From Proto-Polynesian *jona (“yaws”) (compare with Maori tona (“wart”), Tahitian tona (“wart, chancre”) and Tongan tona (“yaws”)).[1][2][3] Sense may have gone obsolete with partial reduplication of konakona to differentiate with other senses above, see there for details.

Noun

kona

  1. (archaic) bump, wart
Derived terms
  • ʻilikona
  • konakona

References

  1. ^ Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “kona”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, revised & enlarged edition, Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai'i Press, →ISBN, page 165
  2. ^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “tona.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551-559
  3. ^ Ross, Malcolm D., Pawley, Andrew, Osmond, Meredith (2016) The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volumes 5: People, body and mind, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, page 350

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse kona (“woman, wife”), from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ (“woman”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkʰɔna/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔːna

Noun

kona f (genitive singular konu, nominative plural konur)

  1. a woman
    • Timothy 2:11-12 (English, Icelandic)
      Konan á að læra í kyrrþey, í allri undirgefni. Ekki leyfi ég konu að kenna eða taka sér vald yfir manninum, heldur á hún að vera kyrrlát.
      A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent.
  2. a wife
    Ég fór þangað með konunni minni. ― I went there with my wife.

Declension

Declension of kona (feminine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kona konan konur konurnar
accusative konu konuna konur konurnar
dative konu konunni konum konunum
genitive konu konunnar kvenna kvennanna

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

See also

Japanese

Romanization

kona

  1. Rōmaji transcription of こな

Malawi Lomwe

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gòna.

Verb

-kona (infinitive = okona)

  1. to sleep

References

  • Kalinde, Patrick, Ellomwe - English Vocabulary: Emihavani and Ekokholani dialects, 2018

Matal

Noun

kona

  1. son
    Masla uwanay, la uwana Kona gulo uwana gi gəkə̀sànì.(Luka 9:35)[1]
    This one, He is my Son that I have chosen (Luke 9:35)
    Kona aŋa Zəzagəla ― Son of God

References

  1. ^ http://listen.bible.is/MFHWYI/Luke/9

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

  1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

kona f sg

  1. definite feminine singular of kone

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

kona f sg

  1. definite singular of kone

Old Danish

Alternative forms

  • konæ (Jutlandic)

Etymology

From Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ.

Noun

kona f (genitive konu, plural konur)

  1. (Scania) woman, wife
    • c. 1210, "Sæl bondæn sina", Scanian Law, chapter 10.
      Sæl bondæn sina eghna iorth bort tha ær konan ey skyld […]
      If the man sells off his land, then the wife is not obligated to […]

Descendants

  • Danish: kone

Old Norse

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”).

Noun

kona f (genitive konu, plural konur)

  1. woman
  2. wife

Declension

Declension of kona (weak ōn-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kona konan konur konurnar
accusative konu konuna konur konurnar
dative konu konunni konum konunum
genitive konu konunnar kvenna kvennanna

Note the form kvenna in genitive plural.

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Many of the derivatives use the genitive plural kvenna-, or the shorter kvenn-, which effectively forms an independent prefix pertaining to women or to womanhood. This is also the origin of the alternative form kvinna f, whence also some of its modern Scandinavian descendants.

Old Norse terms prefixed with kvenn-
kvenndýr
kvennfugl
kvennmannligr
kvennkyn
kvennkyrtill
kvennligr
kvennmaðr
  • alfkona f (“female elf”)
  • bakstrkona f (“female baker”)
  • baðkona f (“female bathing attendant”)
  • blótkona f (“idolatress”)
  • brúðkona f (“bridesmaid”)
  • byrgiskona f (“concubine”)
  • draumkona f (“woman who appears in dreams”)
  • eiginkona f (“wife”)
  • eignarkona f (“wife”)
  • einsetukona f (“hermitess, anchoress”)
  • eptirgǫngukona f (“female underling”)
  • falskona f (“harlot”)
  • farandkona f (“beggar woman”)
  • farkona f (“beggar woman”)
  • festarkona f (“betrothed woman”)
  • finnkona f (“female Finn”)
  • fjǫlkyngiskona f (“sorceress”)
  • flagðkona f (“ogress”)
  • frændkona f (“kinswoman”)
  • fylgikona f (“mistress”)
  • fylgjukona f (“female guardian spirit; mistress”)
  • fyrirkona f (“woman of distinction”)
  • fárskona f (“wicked woman”)
  • fǫrukona f (“vagrant woman”)
  • galdrakona f (“witch”)
  • griðkona f (“housemaid”)
  • gǫngukona f (“vagrant woman”)
  • heimakona f (“housemaid”)
  • heitkona f (“one's promised spouse”)
  • hjalskona f (“female friend”)
  • hjákona f (“concubine”)
  • hornkona f (“old woman in the corner”)
  • hórkona f (“adulteress”)
  • húskona f (“housewife”)
  • kararkona f (“bedridden old woman”)
  • konubú n (“woman's estate”)
  • konuefni n (“one's future wife, bride”)
  • konufé n (“marriage portion”)
  • konuhár n (“woman's hair”)
  • konuklæði n pl (“woman's attire”)
  • konulauss (“wifeless, widowed”)
  • konumál n (“love affair”)
  • konunám m (“abduction of a woman”)
  • kvendi n (“woman”)
  • kvennabúnaðr m (“women's attire”)
  • kvennafar n (“love affairs”)
  • kvennafolk f (“woman”)
  • kvennafriðr m (“immunity of women”)
  • kvennagrið n (“immunity of women”)
  • kvennahjal n (“women's gossip”)
  • kvennahús n (“lady's bower”)
  • kvennaklæðnaðr m (“female dress”)
  • kvennalið n (“women-folk”)
  • kvennamaðr m (“one fond of women”)
  • kvennamunr m (“distinction of women”)
  • kvennamál n pl (“love matters”)
  • kvennanám n (“abduction, rape”)
  • kvennaráð n pl (“women's counsel”)
  • kvennasiðr m (“habits of women”)
  • kvennaskap n (“women's temper”)
  • kvennaskipan f (“placing of the ladies (at a banquet)”)
  • kvennaskáli m (“women's apartment”)
  • kvennasveit f (“bevy of women”)
  • kvennavagn m (“Ursa Minor”)
  • kvennavist f (“women's abode”)
  • kvennaást f (“women's love”)
  • kvenska f (“womanhood, chastity”)
  • lagskona f (“concubine”)
  • launkona f (“concubine”)
  • lausungarkona f (“loose woman”)
  • léttlætiskona f (“loose woman”)
  • nærkona f (“midwife”)
  • portkona f (“harlot”)
  • prestkona f (“a priest's wife”)
  • rausnarkona f (“magnificent lady”)
  • rekkjukona f (“chambermaid”)
  • ráðakona f (“housekeeper”)
  • ráðskona f (“housekeeper”)
  • salkona f (“housemaid”)
  • saurlífiskona f (“harlot”)
  • seiðkona f (“sorceress”)
  • sifkona f (“a woman related by affinity”)
  • sjókona f (“mermaid”)
  • skaldkona f (“poetess”)
  • skartskona f (“woman given to vain display”)
  • skyndikona f (“loose woman”)
  • spákona f (“prophetess”)
  • sækona f (“mermaid”)
  • sængarkona f (“woman in childbed”)
  • sængrkona f (“woman in childbed”)
  • trollkona f (“female troll”)
  • trúkona f (“devout woman”)
  • trúnaðarkona f (“confidante”)
  • veiðikona f (“fisherwoman, huntress”)
  • verkakona f (“workwoman”)
  • verkkona f (“workwoman”)
  • vinkona f (“female friend”)
  • virðingarkona f (“worthy lady”)
  • vændiskona f (“harlot”)
  • vísdómskona f (“wise woman”)
  • vísindakona f (“wise woman”)
  • yfirsetukona f (“midwife”)
  • áburðarkona f (“a showy, dressy woman”)
  • þjónostukona f (“female servant”)
  • þokkakona f (“mistress”)
  • þrælskona f (“thrall's wife”)
  • þváttkona f (“washer-woman”)
  • ǫlmusukona f (“poor woman”)

Descendants

Most of the modern Scandinavian languages today distinguish between variations derived from kona, meaning wife, and variations derived from kvinna, meaning woman.

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “kona”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ.

Noun

kona f

  1. woman
  2. wife
  3. mistress, paramour

Declension

Declension of kona (on-stem)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kona konan konu(r), -o(r) konuna(r), -ona(r)
accusative konu, -o konuna, -ona konu(r), -o(r) konuna(r), -ona(r)
dative konu, -o konunni, -onne konum, -om konumin, -omen
genitive konu, -o konunna(r), -onna(r) kvinna kvinnanna

Descendants

Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

  1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɔ.na/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔna
  • Syllabification: ko‧na

Verb

kona

  1. third-person singular present of konać

Sambali

Noun

konâ

  1. fish

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from English corner.

Pronunciation

Noun

kona class IX (plural kona class X)

  1. a corner (area in the angle between converging lines or walls)
  2. a bend or turn
  3. (soccer) a corner kick

References

kona at Nino Vessella's Swahili-English Dictionary

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

  1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish kona, kuna (“woman, wife, concubine”) (genitive plural kvinna, kvænna), from Old Norse kona, from Proto-Germanic *kwenǭ. Feminine in Late Modern Swedish. Akin to English quean.

Noun

kona c

  1. (obsolete) woman

Declension

Declension of kona
nominative genitive
singular indefinite kona konas
definite konan konans
plural indefinite konor konors
definite konorna konornas

Synonyms

Derived terms

Anagrams

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English corner.

Noun

kona

  1. corner

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?].

Pronoun

koná

  1. it; class 15 absolute pronoun.
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