n'
See also: Appendix:Variations of "n"
English
Conjunction
- Nonstandard spelling of ’n’.
Asturian
Etymology
Contraction of the preposition en (“in”)
Preposition
n'
Usage notes
- The preposition en contracts to n' before a word beginning with a vowel or h: n'Asturies (in Asturias), n'honor (in honor)
Related terms
Catalan
Pronoun
n'
- contraction of en
Usage notes
- n' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.
Declension
| strong/subject | weak (direct object) | weak (indirect object) | possessive | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| proclitic | enclitic | proclitic | enclitic | |||||
| singular | 1st person |
standard | jo, mi3 | em, m’ | -me, ’m | em, m’ | -me, ’m | meu |
| majestic1 | nós | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre | ||
| 2nd person |
standard | tu | et, t’ | -te, ’t | et, t’ | -te, ’t | teu | |
| formal1 | vós | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre | ||
| very formal2 | vostè | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu | ||
| 3rd person |
m | ell | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu | |
| f | ella | la, l’4 | -la | li | -li | seu | ||
| n | ho | -ho | li | -li | seu | |||
| plural | ||||||||
| 1st person | nosaltres | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre | ||
| 2nd person |
standard | vosaltres | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre | |
| formal2 | vostès | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu | ||
| 3rd person |
m | ells | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu | |
| f | elles | les | -les | els | -los, ’ls | seu | ||
| 3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | -se, ’s | es, s’ | -se, ’s | seu | ||
| adverbial | ablative/genitive | en, n’ | -ne, ’n | |||||
| locative | hi | -hi | ||||||
1 Behaves grammatically as plural. 2 Behaves grammatically as third person.
3 Only as object of a preposition. 4 Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n‿/
Audio: (file)
Contraction
n'
- Prevocalic form of ne.
Further reading
- “n'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Italian
Adverb
n' (apocopated)
- apocopic form of ne
Pronoun
n' (apocopated)
- apocopic form of ne
Usage notes
- Rarely elides, except before essere, è, era etc. It sometimes elides before i or e, especially when following another unstressed pronoun.
See also
Italian personal pronouns
| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Combined | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | |||
| second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | te | |||||
| third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se2 | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
| f | lei, Lei1 | la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 | le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 | lei, Lei1, sé | ||||||
| Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | |||
| second | — | voi, Voi4 | vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 | ve | voi, Voi4 | |||||
| third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, Li1, -li, -Li1 | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
glie, se | loro, Loro1, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
| f | le, Le1, -le, -Le1 | |||||||||
| 1 | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | |||||||||
| 2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | |||||||||
| 3 | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | |||||||||
| 4 | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | |||||||||
Ladin
Article
n' f
Synonyms
See also
Middle French
Adverb
n' (apocopate)
- (before vowel sound) apocopic form of ne
Usage notes
- The apostrophe may be omitted in older manuscripts
- ilz nen parlerent ― they weren't speaking about it
Neapolitan
Article
n'
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n‿/
Preposition
n’
- alternative form of em (used before words beginning in a vowel, archaic except before a facultative contraction containing part of a proper name)
- Os trechos a seguir aparecem n'Os Lusíadas.
- The following excerpts appear in Os Lusíadas.
Saterland Frisian
Article
n'
- alternative spelling of n
Spanish
Preposition
n’
- (archaic, before vowels or h) alternative form of en
Tooro
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /n‿/
Conjunction
n'
- (before a vowel) apocopic form of na