Swahili
Etymology
From -pona (“to recover (from an illness)”) + -ya (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-ponya (infinitive kuponya)
- to heal, cure
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ponya
|
| Positive present
|
-naponya
|
| Subjunctive
|
-ponye
|
| Negative
|
-ponyi
|
| Imperative singular
|
ponya
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuponya
|
| Negative
|
kutoponya
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ponya
|
| Plural
|
ponyeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huponya
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liponya
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuponya
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naponya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaponya/naponya
|
tunaponya
|
| 2nd person
|
unaponya
|
mnaponya
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaponya
|
wanaponya
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naponya
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -ponyi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siponyi
|
hatuponyi
|
| 2nd person
|
huponyi
|
hamponyi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haponyi
|
hawaponyi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -ponyi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taponya
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taponya
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ponye)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niponye
|
tuponye
|
| 2nd person
|
uponye
|
mponye
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aponye
|
waponye
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -ponye
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siponye
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeponya
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeponya
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliponya
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliponya
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aponya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naponya
|
twaponya
|
| 2nd person
|
waponya
|
mwaponya
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aponya
|
waponya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waponya
|
yaponya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laponya
|
yaponya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaponya
|
vyaponya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaponya
|
zaponya
|
| u(XI)
|
waponya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaponya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paponya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaponya
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meponya
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaponya
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japonya
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiponya
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoponya
|
| Consecutive
|
kaponya / positive subject concord + -kaponya
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaponye
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niponya
|
-tuponya
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuponya
|
-waponya/-kuponyeni/-waponyeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mponya
|
-waponya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uponya
|
-iponya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liponya
|
-yaponya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiponya
|
-viponya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iponya
|
-ziponya
|
| u(XI)
|
-uponya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuponya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paponya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muponya
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiponya
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ponya- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-ponyaye
|
-ponyao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ponyao
|
-ponyayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ponyalo
|
-ponyayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-ponyacho
|
-ponyavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ponyayo
|
-ponyazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-ponyao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-ponyako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ponyapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-ponyamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ponya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeponya
|
-oponya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oponya
|
-yoponya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loponya
|
-yoponya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choponya
|
-vyoponya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoponya
|
-zoponya
|
| u(XI)
|
-oponya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koponya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poponya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moponya
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
Noun
ponya class ? (plural [please provide])
- cure, remedy
Swazi
Verb
-ponya
- to hit with a long hollow object
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.