Swahili
Etymology
From shughuli + -isha (causative affix).
Pronunciation
Verb
-shughulisha (infinitive kushughulisha)
- to keep someone busy, to occupy someone
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -shughulisha
|
| Positive present
|
-nashughulisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-shughulishe
|
| Negative
|
-shughulishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
shughulisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
shughulisha
|
| Plural
|
shughulisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hushughulisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lishughulisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kushughulisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashughulisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninashughulisha/nashughulisha
|
tunashughulisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unashughulisha
|
mnashughulisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anashughulisha
|
wanashughulisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nashughulisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -shughulishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sishughulishi
|
hatushughulishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hushughulishi
|
hamshughulishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hashughulishi
|
hawashughulishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -shughulishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tashughulisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tashughulisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shughulishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nishughulishe
|
tushughulishe
|
| 2nd person
|
ushughulishe
|
mshughulishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashughulishe
|
washughulishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -shughulishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sishughulishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeshughulisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeshughulisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalishughulisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalishughulisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashughulisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nashughulisha
|
twashughulisha
|
| 2nd person
|
washughulisha
|
mwashughulisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashughulisha
|
washughulisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
washughulisha
|
yashughulisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lashughulisha
|
yashughulisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chashughulisha
|
vyashughulisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yashughulisha
|
zashughulisha
|
| u(XI)
|
washughulisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwashughulisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pashughulisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwashughulisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meshughulisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshashughulisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jashughulisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kishughulisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposhughulisha
|
| Consecutive
|
kashughulisha / positive subject concord + -kashughulisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kashughulishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nishughulisha
|
-tushughulisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kushughulisha
|
-washughulisha/-kushughulisheni/-washughulisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mshughulisha
|
-washughulisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ushughulisha
|
-ishughulisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lishughulisha
|
-yashughulisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kishughulisha
|
-vishughulisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ishughulisha
|
-zishughulisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-ushughulisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kushughulisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pashughulisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mushughulisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jishughulisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shughulisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-shughulishaye
|
-shughulishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-shughulishao
|
-shughulishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-shughulishalo
|
-shughulishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-shughulishacho
|
-shughulishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-shughulishayo
|
-shughulishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-shughulishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-shughulishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-shughulishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-shughulishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shughulisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeshughulisha
|
-oshughulisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshughulisha
|
-yoshughulisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loshughulisha
|
-yoshughulisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choshughulisha
|
-vyoshughulisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoshughulisha
|
-zoshughulisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshughulisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koshughulisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poshughulisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moshughulisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms