tum

tum

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tumbuka.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Tumbuka terms

• IPA^(key): /tʌm/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌm

tum (plural tums)

1. shortened form of tummy

   Synonym: tum-tum

   • 1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 18:

     For here am I without a crumb
     To satisfy a raging tum--
     O what an oversight!"
     As he was indulging in these melancholy reflexions he came round a bend in the road, and discovered two people in the very act of having lunch.

   • 1949 February 19, Charles, “My Column”, in Bristol Evening Post, number 5,224, Bristol, →OCLC, page 2, columns 2–3:

     We left the telephone, walked up two small flights of stairs, and opened the front door as, believe it or not, the car with three policemen in it was just pulling up. I mention this amazing promptitude hoping that it will be a comfort to timorous souls whose tums turn over when things go bump in the night.

• MTU, Mut., UTM, mut.

Borrowed from Old Javanese tum (“to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁um (“to boil, to distil”) (compare Thai ต้ม (dtôm, “to boil”), Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).

• IPA^(key): /tʊm/
• Rhymes: -um
• Hyphenation: tum

tum (Balinese script ᬢᬸᬫ᭄)

1. (cooking) to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed

• “tum” in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia], Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

• IPA^(key): /tʊm/

tum

1. an ancient jar that is large in the middle and opening, having a black surface and no design

tum

1. to heat; to warm

   Tum dulu lauk chelap nya

   Heat the cold dish first

2. to host lot of people for a long period of time

   Kami kena tum bala pengabang dua hari.

   We hosted the visitor for two days

• tom^[1]

From Middle Irish tummid.^[2]

tum (present analytic tumann, future analytic tumfaidh, verbal noun tumadh, past participle tumtha) (ambitransitive)

1. to dip (lower into a liquid), immerse, plunge, duck, submerge
2. to dip (treat cattle or sheep by immersion)
3. to dive (jump into water head-first; descend)
4. to pitch (move so that the front of the craft goes alternatively up and down)

   Synonym: bocáil

• tumadóir

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “tomaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 744
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tum”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

tum

1. romanization of ꦠꦸꦩ꧀

From Proto-Italic *tom, from Proto-Indo-European *tóm, accusative of *só. Cf. its feminine form Latin tam, as in tamquam. Cognate with Ancient Greek τότε (tóte).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt̪um]

tum (not comparable)

1. then, thereupon

   Tum Caecilius in horto sedet.

   Then Caecilius sits in the garden.

2. at the time, at that time

   tum primum ― for the first time, then at first

   • 58 BC, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico, VII, 11:

     Qui tum primum allato nuntio de oppugnatione Vellaunoduni

     Who then for the first time being delivered information about the siege of Vellaunodunum

   • between 27 and 9 BC, Livy, Ab urbe condita:

     Ea tum cura maxime intentos habebat Romanos, non ab ira tantum, quae in nullam unquam ciuitatem iustior fuit, quam quod urbs tam nobilis ac potens, sicut defectione sua traxerat aliquot populos, ita recepta inclinatura rursus animos uidebatur ad ueteris imperii respectum

     This concern in particular troubled the mindful Romans at the time, not so much because of anger, which has never been more justified against any other city, rather because a city so noble and powerful, in the same way that it had attracted the support of a number of communities by its revolt, was thought would again turn attention back towards respect for the previous government once recaptured.

3. further on
   • between 29 and 19 BC, Vergil, Aeneid, Book 1, line 164:

     […] tum silvis scaena coruscis […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Often coupled with cum

1. Such that "tum x, cum y" = "then x, when y"
2. "cum x tum y" = "not only x but also y"
   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.13:

     movet res cum multitudinem tum duces

     This event not only shocked the crowd but also the commanders

• (then): deinde
• (at that time): tunc

• tunc

• “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• tum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• tum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • at the same moment that, precisely when: eo ipso tempore, cum; tum ipsum, cum
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, quo nemo tum fuit clarior
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
    
  • I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
    
  • to be sound asleep: sopītum esse
    
  • to talk of a subject which was then the common topic of conversation: in eum sermonem incidere, qui tum fere multis erat in ore
    
  • a hand-to-hand engagement ensued: tum pes cum pede collatus est (Liv. 28. 2)
    

tum

1. (Northern) alternative form of tome (“empty”)

From Old Norse *þumi, from Proto-Germanic *þūmô.

tum

1. thumb

Unknown, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁um (“to boil, to distil”) (compare Thai ต้ม (dtôm, “to boil”), Khmer ដាំ (dam, “to boil”)).

• IPA^(key): /tʊm/
• Rhymes: -tum
• Hyphenation: tum

tum

1. (cooking) to cook by warping by banana leaf then steamed

• Javanese: ꦠꦸꦩ꧀ (tum)
• → Balinese: ᬢᬸᬫ᭄ (tum)

Onomatopoeic.

tum

1. (onomatopoeia) crash (to collide with something)

   Synonym: crás

From Old Irish tummaid (“dips, plunges, immerses”).

tum (past thum, future tumaidh, verbal noun tumadh, past participle tumta)

1. plunge, immerse, dip, duck, steep

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tummaid, tu(i)mmid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Edward Dwelly (1911) “tum”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN

tum

1. romanization of 𒌈 (tum)

From Old Swedish tumme.

tum c

1. inch (unit of length)

Can mean at least three different units: 24.74 mm (verktum) before 1855, 29.69 mm (decimaltum) between 1855 and 1889, and usually 25.4 mm (engelsk tum) today – an international inch.

• tum in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• tum in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• tum in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

tum

1. one

• A. G. de León G., El ayapaneco: una variante del zoqueano en Ja Chontalpa tabasquena [The Ayapaneco dialect: a variant of the Zoque language in the Chontalpa region of Tabasco]

From tumu, with word-final vowel deletion.

• IPA^(key): [ˈtum]

tum

1. alternative form of tumu (“to dive, leap down from”)

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tum˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [tum˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [tʊm˧˧]

tum • (𡉾)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

tum

1. hundred
   • 1932, Arie de Jong, Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page 19:

     Cils äbinons-li i pö zäl et? Si! elogob us tumis.

     Were there children at that party as well? Yes, I've seen hundreds of them there.

This word must be preceded by a numeral for a single-digit number, so "one hundred" is expressed in Volapük as "baltum."