idem
English
Alternative forms
- id. (abbreviation)
Etymology
From Middle English idem, borrowed from Latin idem (“the same”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɪ.dɛm/, /ˈaɪ.dɛm/
Audio (Southern England): (file) Audio (Southern England): (file)
Pronoun
idem
- The same.
Usage notes
- Used almost exclusively in footnotes of academic or scholarly papers, especially those of the legal profession, to indicate that the source or author referred to in a footnote is the same as in the preceding footnote; usually abbreviated when so used.
Related terms
Translations
See also
Further reading
Anagrams
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Adverb
idem
Anagrams
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.dɛm/
Audio: (file)
Adverb
idem
- idem, likewise
- Synonym: id.
- pour moi c'est idem ― it's all the same to me
- 1968, “Requiem pour un con”, Serge Gainsbourg (music), performed by Serge Gainsbourg:
- Pour moi c'est idem / Que ça te plaise ou non / J'te l'rejoue quand même / Pauvre con
- It's all the same to me / Whether you like it or not / I'll play it for you again anyway / You stupid idiot
Further reading
- “idem”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Indonesian
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from Dutch idem, from Latin idem (“the same”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɪ.dəm/, /ˈɪ.dɛm/
Pronoun
idem
Derived terms
Further reading
- “idem” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Anagrams
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈi.dem/[1]
- Rhymes: -idem
- Hyphenation: ì‧dem
Adverb
idem
Pronoun
idem
References
- ^ idem in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Anagrams
Latin
Alternative forms
- eidem (frequently in manuscripts and inscriptions)
- isdem, eisdem (rarely)[1]
- īde (Late Latin, proscribed)
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *izdim; equivalent to is (“he”) + Proto-Italic *-im (emphatic marker) (whence Sabellic *-om, Oscan 𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (ísídum), 𐌄𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (esídum)), from Proto-Indo-European *im (whence also Old Latin im, em), accusative singular of *éy (so both parts are from the same source). The s was lost and the i lengthened by compensatory lengthening.[2]
When is' ablative cases eōd, eād became eō, eā, idem's ablative true forms eōd-em, eād-em were interpreted as eō-dem, eā-dem. The neuter nominative singular id-em is natural. De verborum significatione gives emem as a form of the later eundem.[1] The new marker -dem then served to create totidem, tantundem, ibīdem, etc. Compare tam-en with its later doublet: tan-dem (← *tam-dem).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈiː.dẽː], [ˈɪ.dẽː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈiː.d̪em]
Pronoun
īdem (feminine eadem, neuter idem); demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion
Declension
Irregular declension. Similar to the declension of is, ea, id. Demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | īdem | eadem | idem | iīdem1 eīdem īdem |
eaedem | eadem | |
genitive | eiusdem ejusdem |
eōrundem eōrumdem eundem eumdem |
eārundem eārumdem |
eōrundem eōrumdem eundem eumdem | |||
dative | eīdem2 e͡idem ēīdem |
eīdem2 e͡idem ēīdem eaedem |
eīdem2 e͡idem ēīdem |
iīsdem1 eīsdem īsdem |
iīsdem1 eīsdem īsdem eābusdem |
iīsdem1 eīsdem īsdem | |
accusative | eundem eumdem |
eandem eamdem |
idem | eōsdem | eāsdem | eadem | |
ablative | eōdem | eādem | eōdem | iīsdem1 eīsdem īsdem | |||
vocative | — | — |
1The nom./dat./abl. plural forms regularly developed into a monosyllable /iː(s)/, with later remodelling - compare the etymology of deus. This /iː/ was normally spelled as EI during and as II after the Republic; a disyllabic iī, spelled II, Iꟾ, appears in Silver Age poetry, while disyllabic eīs is only post-Classical. Other spellings include EEI(S), EIEI(S), IEI(S).
2The dat. singular is found spelled EIEI (here represented as ēī) and scanned as two longs in Plautus, but also as a monosyllable. The latter is its normal scansion in Classical. Other spellings include EEI, IEI.
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- ^ “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “-dem”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 166: “īdem”
Further reading
- “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- idem in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)
- to agree with a person: consentire, idem sentire cum aliquo
- to have the same meaning: idem valere, significare, declarare
- synonyms: vocabula idem fere declarantia
- to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
- to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈi.dẽj̃/ [ˈi.dẽɪ̯̃]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈi.dɐ̃j̃/ [ˈi.ðɐ̃j̃]
Pronoun
idem
Romanian
Etymology
Adverb
idem
Serbo-Croatian
Verb
idem (Cyrillic spelling идем)
- first-person singular present of ići
Slovak
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈiɟem]
Verb
idem
- first-person singular present of ísť