冤
See also: 寃
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Translingual
Han character
冤 (Kangxi radical 14, 冖+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月弓日戈 (BNAI) or 月弓山戈 (BNUI), four-corner 37413, composition ⿱冖兔)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 130, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1587
- Dae Jaweon: page 293, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 305, character 1
- Unihan data for U+51A4
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
冤 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 寃 𡨚 𠕤 𡨘 惌 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 冤 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 冖 (“cover”) + 兔 (“rabbit”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): ṳ́ing
- Eastern Min (BUC): uŏng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeng1 / yoeng1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ioe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yuān
- Zhuyin: ㄩㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yuan
- Wade–Giles: yüan1
- Yale: ywān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iuan
- Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɥɛn⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yuan1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uan
- Sinological IPA (key): /yan⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyun1
- Yale: yūn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jyn1
- Guangdong Romanization: yun1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyːn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yon1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jᵘɔn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yên
- Hakka Romanization System: ienˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan1
- Sinological IPA: /i̯en²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yân
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ianˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan1
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: rhanˋ
- Sinological IPA: /ʒan⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: yan1
- Sinological IPA: /ian⁴⁴/
- (Changting)
- Changting Pinyin: ving1 / ying1
- Sinological IPA: /viŋ³³/, /iŋ³³/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
Note:
- Changting - ving1 - vernacular;
- ying1 - literary.
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ́ing
- Sinological IPA (key): /yiŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: oeng1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: e̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /œŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: yoeng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /yøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan
- Tâi-lô: uan
- Phofsit Daibuun: oafn
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /uan³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /uan⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: un
- Tâi-lô: un
- Phofsit Daibuun: wn
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /un³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /un⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- oan - literary (to argue);
- un - vernacular (limited, e.g. 冤屈).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: uêng1 / uang1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ueng / uang
- Sinological IPA (key): /ueŋ³³/, /uaŋ³³/
Note:
- uêng1 - Chaozhou;
- uang1 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chenghai, Chaoyang.
- Middle Chinese: 'jwon
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qon/
Definitions
冤
- to wrong; to treat unjustly
- not cost-effective
- (literary, or in compounds) grievance; unjust
- (literary, or in compounds) enmity; hatred
- (Cantonese) to pester; to bother; to annoy
- 2023, 7m25s from the start, in 笑满岭南七十载：专访第三届广东文艺终身成就奖获得者黄俊英[1]:
- (Cantonese) alternative form of 㾓 (jyun1, “sore; achy and tired”)
- (Southern Min) to argue; to quarrel
Synonyms
- (grievance): 委屈 (wěiqu)
- (enmity):
Dialectal synonyms of 吵架 (“to quarrel; to argue”) [map]
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “not cost-effective”):
- 上算 (shàngsuàn)
- 優惠 / 优惠 (yōuhuì)
- 划算 (huásuàn)
- 化算 (faa3 syun3) (Cantonese)
- 合摟兒 / 合搂儿 (hélòur) (Beijing Mandarin)
- 合盤 / 合盘 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 合算 (hésuàn)
- 實惠 / 实惠 (shíhuì)
- 抵 (dai2) (Cantonese)
- 會值得 / 会值得 (Hokkien)
- 會行得 / 会行得 (Hokkien)
- 有盤 / 有盘 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
- 盤 / 盘 (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 盤頭 / 盘头 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 經濟 / 经济 (jīngjì)
Compounds
- 不白之冤 (bùbáizhīyuān)
- 九命奇冤
- 伸冤 (shēnyuān)
- 俏冤家
- 冤人
- 冤仇 (yuānchóu)
- 冤兜
- 冤冤相報 / 冤冤相报 (yuānyuānxiāngbào)
- 冤大頭 / 冤大头 (yuāndàtóu)
- 冤天屈地
- 冤孽
- 冤家 (yuānjiā)
- 冤家路狹 / 冤家路狭
- 冤家路窄 (yuānjiālùzhǎi)
- 冤屈 (yuānqū)
- 冤情 (yuānqíng)
- 冤抑
- 冤枉
- 冤枉氣 / 冤枉气
- 冤枉路
- 冤枉錢 / 冤枉钱
- 冤桶
- 冤業 / 冤业
- 冤獄 / 冤狱 (yuānyù)
- 冤禽
- 冤苦
- 冤苦錢 / 冤苦钱
- 冤讎 / 冤雠 (yuānchóu)
- 冤頭 / 冤头 (yuāntóu)
- 冤魂 (yuānhún)
- 冤魂不散
- 受冤
- 吃冤枉
- 含冤 (hányuān)
- 告冤
- 含冤昭雪
- 含冤負屈 / 含冤负屈
- 喊冤
- 喊冤叫屈
- 埋冤
- 報冤 / 报冤
- 夙世冤家
- 大冤
- 奇冤極枉 / 奇冤极枉
- 孽冤
- 宿世冤家
- 小冤家
- 尺二冤家
- 懷冤抱屈 / 怀冤抱屈 (huáiyuānbàoqū)
- 抱冤 (bàoyuān)
- 擊鼓申冤 / 击鼓申冤
- 昭冤申枉
- 業冤 / 业冤
- 歡喜冤家 / 欢喜冤家
- 沉冤 (chényuān)
- 沉冤昭雪 (chényuānzhāoxuě)
- 沉冤莫白
- 煩冤 / 烦冤
- 申冤 (shēnyuān)
- 空頭冤家 / 空头冤家
- 竇娥冤 / 窦娥冤
- 蒙冤
- 覆盆之冤
- 訴冤 / 诉冤
- 負屈含冤 / 负屈含冤
- 負屈銜冤 / 负屈衔冤
- 辯冤 / 辩冤
- 銜冤 / 衔冤 (xiányuān)
- 銜冤負屈 / 衔冤负屈
- 鐵死冤家 / 铁死冤家
- 雪冤 (xuěyuān)
- 風流冤孽 / 风流冤孽
- 風流冤業 / 风流冤业
- 鳴冤 / 鸣冤 (míngyuān)
- 鳴冤叫屈 / 鸣冤叫屈
References
- “冤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “冤”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 697.
Japanese
Kanji
冤
- false charge
- hatred
Readings
Noun
- false charge
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 冤 (MC 'jwon). Recorded as Middle Korean 寃/원 (wen) (Yale: wen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
冤 (eumhun 원통할 원 (wontonghal won))
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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