囊

囊	U+56CA, 囊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56CA

← 囉
[U+56C9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

囋 →
[U+56CB]

Translingual

Han character

囊 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 十月口口女 (JBRRV), four-corner 0073₂, composition ⿳⿳𰀉冖吅𠀎𧘇)

Derived characters

儾, 囔, 攮, 欜, 灢, 饢, 馕, 齉, 㚂

Additional Derived Characters

𡿝, 𢖧, 𥗾, 𦈃, 𦣘, 𧖒, 𧟘, 𨳆, 𫆓, 𫇄, 𬥲, 𬦀, 𬧟, 𬬥, 𱺰

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 215, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4633
Dae Jaweon: page 438, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 707, character 13
Unihan data for U+56CA

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 囊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (襄) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
囊	*naːŋ
蠰	naːŋ, sraŋ, hnjaŋs, njaŋʔ
曩	*naːŋʔ
灢	naːŋʔ, naːŋs
儾	*naːŋs
孃	naŋ, njaŋ
瓤	naŋ, njaŋ
鑲	naŋ, njaŋ
釀	*naŋs
瓖	snaŋ, snaŋ
驤	*snaŋ
襄	*snaŋ
纕	*snaŋ
忀	*snaŋ
欀	snaŋ, njaŋs
饟	hnjaŋ, hnjaŋʔ, *hnjaŋs
攘	njaŋ, njaŋʔ, *njaŋs
禳	*njaŋ
穰	njaŋ, njaŋʔ
躟	njaŋ, njaŋʔ
瀼	*njaŋ
獽	*njaŋ
儴	*njaŋ
蘘	*njaŋ
鬤	njaŋ, rnaːŋ
勷	*njaŋ
壤	*njaŋʔ
嚷	*njaŋʔ
讓	*njaŋs
懹	*njaŋs
攮	*rnoːŋʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) – a tied bag (𣒚), with various items in it (𤕦). 𤕦 also serves as a phonetic element. There are many alternative forms. In the modern, standard form, the bottom turned into an abbreviated form of 襄, with the result that the character is a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *naːŋ): abbreviated semantic 㯻 (“bag”) + abbreviated phonetic 襄 (OC *snaŋ).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		囊
2nd round simp.		𰀉
alternative forms		𬺿嚢𡄜𢑿𣡦𬺿嚢𡄜𢑿𣡦𣡪𧛦𣡏

Possibly Sino-Tibetan; compare Burmese နွှင် (hnwang, “to skin; to peel off”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): náng, nāng (nang², nang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄤˊ, ㄋㄤ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nang²
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): nong⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): nong³
Gan (Wiktionary): long⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): nòng

(Meixian, Guangdong): nong²
Jin (Wiktionary): non¹
Northern Min (KCR): nǒ̤ng
Eastern Min (BUC): nòng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lông / long

(Teochew, Peng'im): lang²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶naon
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lan²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: náng
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: náng
  - Wade–Giles: nang²
  - Yale: náng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nang
  - Palladius: нан (nan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɑŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nang
  - Wade–Giles: nang¹
  - Yale: nāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nhang
  - Palladius: нан (nan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɑŋ⁵⁵/

Note: nāng - only in Mainland, used in certain compounds (囊膪, 囊揣).

- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nang²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /naŋ²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: nong⁴
  - Yale: nòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: nong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɔːŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: nong³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdɔŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: long⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: nong^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: nong²
  - Sinological IPA: /noŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: nong²
  - Sinological IPA: /nɔŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: non¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /nɒ̃¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nǒ̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɔŋ²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: nòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡouŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông
  - Tâi-lô: lông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /lɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: long
  - Tâi-lô: long
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lofng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

Xiamen:
- lông - all senses;
- long - verb.
Zhangzhou, Taiwan:
- lông - noun;
- long - verb.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: lang²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: láng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /laŋ⁵²/

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶naon
  - MiniDict: naon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³naan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nɑ̃²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: lan²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃an¹³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 囊
Mandarin	Beijing	/naŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/naŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/nɑŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/naŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/naŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/naŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/naŋ²¹/
	Xining	/nɔ̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/nɑŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/lɑ̃⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/naŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/naŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/naŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/naŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/nã̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/laŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/lɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/nɒ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/nɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/nɑ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/nɑ̃²³/
	Suzhou	/nɑ̃¹³/
	Hangzhou	/nɑŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/nuɔ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/la⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/lan¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/nɔn¹²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/noŋ¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/noŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/nɔŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/nɔŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/nɔŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/lɔŋ³⁵/ /nŋ̍³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/nouŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/nɔŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/laŋ⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔdɔŋ³¹/ /lɔŋ³¹/

Middle Chinese: nang

Rime
Character	囊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	奴當切
Baxter	nang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/nɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/nɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/naŋ/
Li Rong	/nɑŋ/
Wang Li	/nɑŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	náng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nong⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤaŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*naːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	囊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	náng
Middle Chinese	‹ nang ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁaŋ/
English	sack, bag
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	囊
Reading #	1/1
No.	13608
Phonetic component	襄
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*naːŋ/

Definitions

囊

bag; sack; pouch; pocket
to bag; to put into a bag
to cover
(Hokkien) to wear; to put on
(Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) to put into
(Quanzhou Hokkien) to fool; to trick; to trap
a surname

Compounds

中飽私囊 / 中饱私囊 (zhōngbǎosīnáng)
五明囊
五穀囊 / 五谷囊
佩囊
倒囊
倒篋傾囊 / 倒箧倾囊
偃囊
傍囊
傒囊
傾囊 / 倾囊 (qīngnáng)
傾囊相授 / 倾囊相授
儀囊 / 仪囊
兜囊
入囊
內囊 / 内囊
冰囊
凸凸囊囊
刺囊細胞 / 刺囊细胞
剝皮囊草 / 剥皮囊草
剥皮囊草
劙囊
包囊
印囊
卵囊
卵囊球
卵巢囊腫 / 卵巢囊肿 (luǎncháo nángzhǒng)
古錦囊 / 古锦囊
名溢縹囊 / 名溢缥囊
嗉囊 (sùnáng)
囊中取物
囊中物
囊中穎 / 囊中颖
囊中術 / 囊中术
囊匣如洗
囊吞
囊囊咄咄
囊囊突突
囊土
囊土壅水
囊奏
囊家
囊封
囊底
囊底才
囊底智
囊底路
囊括 (nángkuò)
囊括四海
囊揣 (nāngchuài)
囊撲 / 囊扑
囊書 / 囊书
囊楮
囊橐
囊橐豐盈 / 囊橐丰盈
囊檻 / 囊槛
囊櫜
囊沙
囊溫郎當 / 囊温郎当
囊漉
囊漏儲中 / 囊漏储中
囊漏貯中 / 囊漏贮中
囊澀 / 囊涩
囊玛
囊琴
囊矢
囊空
囊空如洗 (nángkōngrúxǐ)
囊笥
囊篋 / 囊箧
囊篋蕭然 / 囊箧萧然
囊籠 / 囊笼
囊米
囊縮 / 囊缩
囊莫
囊虛 / 囊虚
囊螢 / 囊萤
囊螢積雪 / 囊萤积雪
囊衣
囊被
囊袋
囊裝 / 囊装
囊裏盛錐 / 囊里盛锥
囊貯 / 囊贮
囊載 / 囊载
囊輜 / 囊辎
囊錐露穎 / 囊锥露颖
囊頭 / 囊头
囊風 / 囊风
囊首
囊齎 / 囊赍
囚囊的
圖囊 / 图囊
土囊
塔布囊
塵垢囊 / 尘垢囊
壅囊
壓酒囊 / 压酒囊
大破慳囊 / 大破悭囊
大飽私囊 / 大饱私囊
奚囊
子囊 (zǐnáng)
子囊城郢
子囊孢子
子囊果
子囊菌
孢囊柄
孢子囊
季子囊空
孢子囊群
安全氣囊 / 安全气囊 (ānquán qìnáng)
官囊
宦囊
客囊
客囊羞澀 / 客囊羞涩
寄生囊
小胞子囊
尿囊
布囊
府囊
心囊
愴囊 / 怆囊
慳囊 / 悭囊
慷慨解囊 (kāngkǎijiěnáng)
懷囊 / 怀囊
戕囊
手囊 (chhiú-lông)
承露囊
括囊
挈囊
括囊守祿 / 括囊守禄
括囊拱手
探囊 (tànnáng)
排囊
探囊取物 (tànnáng qǔ wù)
探囊胠篋 / 探囊胠箧
掉書囊 / 掉书囊
揭篋探囊 / 揭箧探囊
揭篋擔囊 / 揭箧担囊
撮囊
放囊
放囊的
斗粟囊金
方便囊
旁囊
映雪囊螢 / 映雪囊萤
智囊 (zhìnáng)
智囊團 / 智囊团 (zhìnángtuán)
書囊 / 书囊
書囊無底 / 书囊无底
束囊
枕囊
楚囊之情
橐囊
殼囊 / 壳囊
毛囊 (máonáng)
毛囊炎 (máonángyán)
毛囊蟲 / 毛囊虫
毳囊
氣囊 / 气囊 (qìnáng)
氣囊囊 / 气囊囊
水囊
水豹囊
沙囊
決囊 / 决囊
油囊
浮囊
淚囊 / 泪囊
淚囊炎 / 泪囊炎
渾脫囊 / 浑脱囊
漉囊
澼囊
瀉囊 / 泻囊
獊囊 / 𪺷囊
獵囊 / 猎囊
珠囊
琴囊
瓢囊
疽囊
癰囊 / 痈囊
白囊
百囊奔
百囊網 / 百囊网
百寶囊 / 百宝囊
皂囊
皮囊
盜囊 / 盗囊
盤囊 / 盘囊
看囊錢 / 看囊钱
眼明囊
砂囊
破囊
萬寶囊 / 万宝囊
私囊 (sīnáng)
積雪囊螢 / 积雪囊萤
穢囊 / 秽囊
空囊
窩囊 / 窝囊
窩囊廢 / 窝囊废 (wōnangfèi)
窩囊氣 / 窝囊气
窩囊相 / 窝囊相
窩囊肺 / 窝囊肺
笏囊
笈囊
筆囊 / 笔囊
算囊
箱囊
籯書囊劍 / 𰪣书囊剑
米囊
米囊花
精囊 (jīngnáng)
紗囊 / 纱囊
紫羅囊 / 紫罗囊
紫荷囊
絳囊 / 绛囊
綀囊 / 𦈌囊
綬囊 / 绶囊
緗囊 / 缃囊
練囊 / 练囊
縑囊 / 缣囊
縢囊
縹囊 / 缥囊
縮囊 / 缩囊
縷金囊 / 缕金囊
繡囊 / 绣囊
缽囊 / 钵囊
罄囊
羅囊 / 罗囊
肉囊囊
肚囊
肚囊兒 / 肚囊儿
肺囊腫 / 肺囊肿
背囊 (bēináng)
胚囊
胃囊 (wèináng)
胞囊孢子
胞子囊群
脫囊 / 脱囊
脫穎囊錐 / 脱颖囊锥
腎囊 / 肾囊 (shènnáng)
腹囊
膠囊 / 胶囊 (jiāonáng)
膠囊劑 / 胶囊剂
膽囊 / 胆囊 (dǎnnáng)
臭皮囊
花粉囊
茱囊
茱萸囊
萸囊
藿囊
處囊 / 处囊
螢囊 / 萤囊
行囊 (xíngnáng)
衣囊
衣架飯囊 / 衣架饭囊
衽扱囊括
被囊
袷囊
裝囊 / 装囊
裺囊
褚囊
襆囊 / 幞囊
解囊 (jiěnáng)
詩囊 / 诗囊
諫囊 / 谏囊
豹囊
豹皮囊
貝囊 / 贝囊
負囊 / 负囊
貨囊 / 货囊
貪囊 / 贪囊
賀囊 / 贺囊
貲囊 / 赀囊
貯精囊 / 贮精囊
資囊 / 资囊
赤囊
赤白囊
趙囊 / 赵囊
車側氣囊 / 车侧气囊
車囊 / 车囊
車胤囊螢 / 车胤囊萤
軟古囊囊 / 软古囊囊
軟囊囊 / 软囊囊
輒囊 / 辄囊
輜囊 / 辎囊
迂囊
酒囊
酒囊飯包 / 酒囊饭包
酒囊飯袋 / 酒囊饭袋
配子囊
酒瓮飯囊
金囊
銀囊 / 银囊
錦囊 / 锦囊 (jǐnnáng)
錐囊 / 锥囊
錦囊佳句 / 锦囊佳句
錦囊佳製 / 锦囊佳制
錦囊句 / 锦囊句
錦囊妙計 / 锦囊妙计 (jǐnnángmiàojì)
錦囊玉軸 / 锦囊玉轴
錦囊術 / 锦囊术
錦囊計 / 锦囊计
錦囊訣 / 锦囊诀
錦囊詩 / 锦囊诗
錦囊還矢 / 锦囊还矢
錐處囊中 / 锥处囊中
錦香囊 / 锦香囊
鎖麟囊 / 锁麟囊
鏡囊 / 镜囊
關節囊 / 关节囊 (guānjiénáng)
阮囊
阮囊羞澀 / 阮囊羞涩 (ruǎnnángxiūsè)
陰囊 / 阴囊 (yīnnáng)
隱囊 / 隐囊
雙氣囊 / 双气囊
青儀囊 / 青仪囊
青囊
青囊印
青囊書 / 青囊书
革囊
鞴囊
鞶囊
韓信囊沙 / 韩信囊沙
韝囊 / 𫖕囊
韛囊 / 𫖔囊
頰囊 / 颊囊
風囊 / 风囊
食囊
飯囊 / 饭囊
飯囊衣架 / 饭囊衣架
飯囊酒瓮
飯囊酒甕 / 饭囊酒瓮
飯坑酒囊 / 饭坑酒囊
香囊 (xiāngnáng)
馬金囊 / 马金囊
駝囊 / 驼囊
骨董囊
鮑氏囊 / 鲍氏囊 (bàoshìnáng)
麝囊
黃囊 / 黄囊
墨囊
鼓囊囊
鼓鼓囊囊 (gǔgunāngnāng)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		囊
alternative forms		廊

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): long²

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: long²
  - Yale: lóng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: long²
  - Guangdong Romanization: long²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːŋ³⁵/

Definitions

囊 (Cantonese)

interior; contents
(of a structure) shell; skeleton
framework; outline; gist
(figuratively, of a person) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

“囊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	嚢
Print standard	囊

Kanji

囊

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 嚢)

bag
purse
sack
put in bag

Readings

Go-on: のう (nō)^{←なう (nau, historical)}
Kan-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
Kun: ふくろ (fukuro, 囊)

Compounds

囊(のう)括(かつ) (nōkatsu)
囊(のう)筺(きょう) (nōkyō)
囊(のう)腫(しゅ) (nōshu)
囊(のう)状(じょう) (nōjō)
囊(のう)中(ちゅう) (nōchū)
囊(のう)虫(ちゅう) (nōchū)
囊(のう)底(てい) (nōtei)
囊(のう)胚(はい) (nōhai)
囊(のう)胞(ほう) (nōhō)
囊(のう)裏(り) (nōri)
行(こう)囊(のう) (kōnō)
知(ち)囊(のう) (chinō)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
囊
ふくろ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 囊 – see the following entries.

【嚢】H	[kanji] hyōgai kanji [kanji] Extended shinjitai form of 囊 Kanji reading: のう, どう, ふくろ

【袋】S	[kanji] jōyō kanji Kanji reading: だい, たい, ふくろ

(This term, 囊, is the kyūjitai of the above terms.)

【袋ふくろ】S

[noun] a bag; a sack; a pouch

[noun] a segment in a fruit such as an orange

[noun] an organ whose form is like that of a bag

Alternative spelling
嚢

(This term, 囊, is the kyūjitai of an alternative spelling (嚢) of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 囊 (MC nang).

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [na̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [낭]

Hanja

Wikisource

囊 (eumhun 주머니 낭 (jumeoni nang))

pocket
bag

Compounds

낭괄 (囊括, nanggwal)
낭도 (囊刀, nangdo)
낭사 (囊沙, nangsa)
낭습증 (囊濕症, nangseupjeung)
낭신 (囊腎, nangsin)
낭웅 (囊雄, nang'ung)
낭중 (囊中, nangjung)
낭중물 (囊中物, nangjungmul)
낭탁 (囊橐, nangtak)
낭핍 (囊乏, nangpip)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전／漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

囊: Hán Nôm readings: nang, nẵng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation