曩

曩 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+17, 21 strokes, cangjie input 日卜口女 (AYRV), four-corner 6073₂, composition ⿱日襄)

1. in ancient times, of old, former

• 𭍈, 𡔒, 𭒴, 㶞, 𱮱, 𣌝, 𣡤, 𤓢, 𨰴, 𩟻, 𨤼, 𱿉, 𥸒

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 501, character 37
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14258
• Dae Jaweon: page 872, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1542, character 4
• Unihan data for U+66E9

Cognate with Tibetan གནའ་བོ (gna' bo, “ancient; in old times”) (Schuessler, 2007).

曩

1. previously; in the past

   • 曩與吾祖居者，今其室十無一焉；與吾父居者，今其室十無二三焉；與吾居十二年者，今其室十無四五焉，非死即徙爾，而吾以捕蛇獨存。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     曩与吾祖居者，今其室十无一焉；与吾父居者，今其室十无二三焉；与吾居十二年者，今其室十无四五焉，非死即徙尔，而吾以捕蛇独存。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: c. early 9th century, 柳宗元 (Liu Zongyuan),《捕蛇者說》, translation based on the work by H. A. Giles, 1922.

     Nǎng yǔ wú zǔ jū zhě, jīn qí shì shí wú yī yān; yǔ wú fù jū zhě, jīn qí shì shí wú èr sān yān; yǔ wú jū shí'èr nián zhě, jīn qí shì shí wú sì wǔ yān, fēi sǐ jí xǐ ěr, ér wú yǐ bǔ shé dú cún. [Pinyin]

     Of those families which were here in my grandfather’s time, there remains not more than one in ten; of those here in my father’s time, not more than two or three; and of those still here in my own time after twelve years, not more than four or five. They are all either dead or gone elsewhere; while we, the snake-catchers, alone survive.

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. before, former, previous

• Go-on: のう (nō)^{←なう (nau, historical)}
• Kan-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
• Kun: さき (saki, 曩)、さきに (sakini, 曩に)

• 曩時(のうじ) (nōji)
• 曩日(のうじつ) (nōjitsu)
• 曩昔(のうせき) (nōseki)
• 曩祖(のうそ) (nōso)
• 曩莫(のうまく) (nōmaku)

曩 (eum 낭 (nang))

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曩: Hán Nôm readings: nẵng, nán

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