父

父 U+7236, 父 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7236 ← 爵 [U+7235] CJK Unified Ideographs 爷 → [U+7237]

⽗ U+2F57, ⽗ KANGXI RADICAL FATHER ← ⽖ [U+2F56] Kangxi Radicals ⽘ → [U+2F58]

Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

Stroke order

Stroke order

父 (Kangxi radical 88, 父+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 金大 (CK), four-corner 8040₀, composition ⿱八乂(GHJTV) or ⿱八⿻乀丿(K))

1. Kangxi radical #88, ⽗.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/父
• 𠇑, 㕮, 𡵛, 㳇, 𣏤, 蚥, 𨊽, 䭸, 𫙉, 𩵹(𩽻), 𨚅, 𨾝, 𩾿
• 𠛈, 𫷁, 斧, 𭷕, 𤤎, 𤱇, 𧉊, 釜, 𬥐, 𨥏, 𮮕, 𫇫, 𢨰, 𠀱, 𤱀, 𩂎

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 690, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19721
• Dae Jaweon: page 1103, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2039, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7236

• 父 on Wikidata.Wikidata

simp. and trad.		父
alternative forms		𠇑

Pictogram (象形) – A hand holding a stone blade, referring to a man working with a stone axe.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *paʔ (“male; father”).

Regular development from Middle Chinese would lead to the labiodental fù in Mandarin, but the colloquial word resisted the sound changes and is now written as 爸 (bà), with the 巴 (bā) phonetic component added to it to indicate the unchanged bilabial initial.

父

1. father (male parent)

   父親／父亲  ―  fùqīn  ―  (formal) father

   父母  ―  fùmǔ  ―  parents; father and mother

   父子  ―  fùzǐ  ―  father and son

   父女  ―  fùnǚ  ―  father and daughter

   父輩／父辈  ―  fùbèi  ―  one's father's generation

   家父  ―  jiāfù  ―  (humble) my father

   生父  ―  shēngfù  ―  biological father

   養父／养父  ―  yǎngfù  ―  adoptive father

   繼父／继父  ―  jìfù  ―  stepfather

   Antonym: 母 (mǔ)

2. Used to address a male elder member of a family.

   祖父  ―  zǔfù  ―  paternal grandfather (one's father's father)

   伯父  ―  bófù  ―  paternal uncle (father's elder brother)

   叔父  ―  shūfù  ―  paternal uncle (father's younger brother)

   岳父  ―  yuèfù  ―  father-in-law (wife's father)

   舅父  ―  jiùfù  ―  maternal uncle (mother's brother)

   姨父  ―  yífù  ―  maternal uncle (husband of mother's sister)

   姑父  ―  gūfù  ―  paternal uncle (husband of father's sister)

   Antonym: 母 (mǔ)

3. father (pioneering male figure in a particular field)

   雜交水稻之父／杂交水稻之父  ―  zájiāo shuǐdào zhī fù  ―  (specifically) Father of Hybrid Rice (Yuan Longping)

   國父／国父  ―  guófù  ―  father of a nation; (specifically) Father of the Republic (Sun Yat-sen)

4. (Christianity) Father; God the Father

   天父  ―  Tiānfù  ―  Heavenly Father

   • 1919, 《新舊約全書：官話和合譯本》 [Mandarin Bible, Union Version], Shanghai: American Bible Society, 馬太福音 [Matthew] 28:19:

     所以你們要去、使萬民作我的門徒、奉父子聖靈的名、給他們施洗． [MSC, trad.]
     所以你们要去、使万民作我的门徒、奉父子圣灵的名、给他们施洗． [MSC, simp.]

     Suǒyǐ nǐmen yào qù, shǐ wànmín zuò wǒ de méntú, fèng Fù Zǐ Shènglíng de míng, gěi tāmen shīxǐ. [Pinyin]

     Go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit [World English Bible]

父

1. (literary, respectful) old man; elderly man

   漁父／渔父  ―  yúfǔ  ―  old fisherman

   田父  ―  tiánfǔ  ―  old farmer

2. (literary) alternative form of 甫 (“honorific suffix used after a man's name; courtesy name”)

   梁父山（梁甫山） [MSC, trad. and simp.]

   Liángfǔshān (Liángfǔshān) [Pinyin]

   Mount Liangfu (alternately, Mount Liangfu) (in Shandong, China)

3. a surname

• “父”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02471
• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “父” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Shinjitai	父
Kyūjitai	父󠄁 父+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

• Go-on: ぶ (bu)、ふ (fu, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
• Kan’yō-on: ほ (ho)
• Kun: ちち (chichi, 父, Jōyō)、てて (tete, 父)、とと (toto, 父)、ちゃん (chan, 父)、かそ (kaso, 父)
• Nanori: のり (nori)

Kanji in this term
父
ちち Grade: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese 父 (titi), from Proto-Japonic *titi.

Still in modern usage.

• (Tokyo) ちち [chíꜜchì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2]
• (Tokyo) ちち [chìchíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1][2] non-lexical pitch that some speakers employ to reconcile coinciding devoicing and accenting
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi̥t͡ɕi]

父(ちち) • (chichi) 

1. father

   野比(のび)のび助(すけ)は、主(しゅ)人(じん)公(こう)のび太(た)の父(ちち)。

   Nobi Nobisuke wa, shujinkō Nobita no chichi.

   Nobi Nobisuke is the father of the protagonist Nobita.

   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 115:

     父(ちち)　爲(す)考(こう)、和(わ)名(めい)知(ち)々(ち)、日(に)本(ほん)紀(き)私(し)記(き)云(いう)加(カ)曾(ソ)

     chichi sukō, wamei chichi, Nihon Ki Shiki iu kaso

     Father: considered in Japanese as chichi; in the Nihon Shoki Shiki it is pronounced kaso

2. (by extension, figurative) a father figure (male initiator or founder of something)

   近(きん)代(だい)医(い)学(がく)の父(ちち)

   kindai igaku no chichi

   the father of modern medicine

3. (Christianity) God, the Holy Father

• This term conveys neither positive nor negative connotations. However, using it to describe someone the speaker knows personally is often considered lacking respect, where more polite forms like お父(とう)さん (otōsan) are preferred.
• This term is sometimes used in objective narrations, but for this purpose, 父(ちち)親(おや) (chichioya) is more common.

• (antonym(s) of “father”): 母(はは) (haha, “mother”)

Kanji in this term
父
てて Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Appears in the Utsubo Monogatari of roughly 970 CE.^[3]

Glossed as “I[gualmente], chichi. Pay” (“same as chichi. Father”) in Nippo Jisho.^[4]

Shift from chichi.^[3][5]

Usage continued until at least the early 1700s.^[3]

• IPA^(key): [te̞te̞]

父(てて) • (tete) 

1. (archaic) one's own father

Kanji in this term
父
とと Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Appears in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.^[3]

Originally a shift from chichi or tete in baby talk, used by children to refer to their own father.

Still in modern usage.

• (Tokyo) とと [tóꜜtò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [to̞to̞]

父(とと) • (toto) 

1. (childish) one's own father: daddy

   Coordinate term: 母 (kaka)

2. (by later extension) a husband, master of the house

• 父(とう)さん (tōsan)
  • お父(とう)さん (otōsan)

Kanji in this term
父
ちゃん Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
爺

/totosan/ → /totːɕan/ → /t͡ɕan/

Likely a contraction of 父さん (toto-san).

• (Tokyo) ちゃん [cháꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][6]
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕã̠ɴ]

父(ちゃん) • (chan) 

1. (informal, possibly dialect) one's own father [from Edo to early-Meiji period]
2. (by later extension) the head or master of an establishment such as a teahouse, boathouse, etc.

Kanji in this term
父
ふ Grade: 2
goon

The “father” and “uncle” affixes is from Middle Chinese 父 (MC bjuX).

The “old man” affix is from Middle Chinese 父 (MC pjuX).

• IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟]

父(ふ) • (fu) 

1. father
2. father figure
3. uncle
4. old man, elderly man

Kanji in this term
父
ほ Grade: 2
kan'yōon

From a corruption of Middle Chinese 父 (MC pjuX).

• IPA^(key): [ho̞]

父(ほ) • (ho) 

1. (honorific) old man

• 尼父(じほ) (Jiho)

Kanji in this term
父
かそ Grade: 2
kun'yomi

⟨kaso₂⟩ → */kasə/ → /kaso/ → /kazo/

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE as unvoiced kaso.^[1][3] Further derivation unknown.^[3]

May have fallen out of use by 1603, when neither kaso nor kazo are found in the Nippo Jisho. Kaso would be here as the sixth entry from the bottom on the left, and kazo would be here as the eighth from the bottom on the right.

• IPA^(key): [ka̠zo̞]

父(かぞ) • (kazo) 

1. (obsolete) one's own father
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, page 115:

     父(ちち)　爲(す)考(こう)、和(わ)名(めい)知(ち)々(ち)、日(に)本(ほん)紀(き)私(し)記(き)云(いう)加(カ)曾(ソ)

     chichi sukō, wamei chichi, Nihon Ki Shiki iu kaso

     Father: considered in Japanese as chichi; in the Nihon Shoki Shiki it is pronounced kaso

• 父(かぞ)母(いろは) (kazo iroha)

From Middle Chinese 父 (MC bjuX, “father”).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pu]
• Phonetic hangul: [부]

Wikisource

父 (eumhun 아비 부 (abi bu))

1. Hanja form^? of 부 (“father”).
2. Hanja form^? of 부 (“elderly male relative”).

From Middle Chinese 父 (MC pjuX, “old man; elderly man”).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [po̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [보]

父 (eumhun 사내 보 (sanae bo))

1. (literary) Hanja form^? of 보 (“respectful term for an elderly man”).

   Synonym: 甫 (보 (bo))

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Reduplication of ti below.^[1]

父 (titi) (kana ちち)

1. one's own father

   Coordinate term: 母 (omo, papa)

   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 13, poem 3312:
     , text here

     ...奥床仁母者睡有外床丹父者寐有...

     ...okuto₂ko₂ ni papa pa inetari to₁do₂ko₂ ni titi pa inetari...

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

• Japanese: 父 (chichi, tete, toto)

Eastern dialect of titi above.

父 (sisi) (kana しし)

1. (regional, Northern Eastern Old Japanese) one's own father

   Antonym: 母 (amo)

• 母父 (amosisi, “mother and father”)

From Proto-Japonic *ti.

父 (ti) (kana ち)

1. (honorific) a term of respect for males
   • 711–712, Kojiki, poem 48:

     加志能布邇余久須袁都久理余久須邇迦美斯意富美岐宇麻良爾岐許志母知袁勢麻呂賀知

     kasi no₂ pu ni yo₂kusu wo tukuri yo₂kusu ni kami₁si opomi₁ki₁ umara ni ki₁ko₂simo₂tiwose maro₂ ga ti

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

     Note: Poem 39 of the Nihon Shoki is similar to this but replaces 迦美斯 (kami₁si) with 伽綿蘆 (kame₁ru).

Unknown.^[2]

父 (kaso₂) (kana かそ)

1. one's own father

   Antonym: 母 (iro₂pa)

   • 720, Nihon Shoki, Emperor Ninken, entry 11: sixth year, ninth month in autumn:

     菱城邑人鹿父〈鹿父、人名也。俗、呼父為柯曾〉聞而向前曰「何哭之哀甚、若此乎」。

     A man of Pisikï village, Kakasö (his name is Kakasö; it was customary to call one's father kasö) heard [the woman's] cries, turned to her, and asked, “Why these cries of grief, young one?”

• Japanese: 父 (kazo)

父: Hán Việt readings: phụ (扶(phù)雨(vũ)切(thiết))^[1][2][3][4]
父: Nôm readings: phụ^[1][3][5], phủ^[1]

父 (phụ)

1. chữ Hán form of phụ (“father”)
2. chữ Hán form of phụ (“elderly male relative”)