大學

See also: 大学

Chinese

Etymology 1

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	learn; study; science learn; study; science; ‑ology
trad. (大學)		大	學
simp. (大学)		大	学

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): dàxué

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): da⁴ xuo²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): дащүә (daxüə, III-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): daai⁶ hok⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ai⁵ hok⁵ / ai⁵ hok^5*
Gan (Wiktionary): 'tai⁵ hoh⁷
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thai-ho̍k

(Hailu, HRS): tai^˖ hog^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): tai⁴ hog⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): dâi-hŏk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dai⁵ hah⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tōa-o̍h / tāi-ha̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): dai⁶ hag⁸ / dua⁷ oh⁸
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶da-ghoq₈ / ²da₆-ghoq₈
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): da⁴ xio⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàxué
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàsyué
  - Wade–Giles: ta⁴-hsüeh²
  - Yale: dà-sywé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahshyue
  - Palladius: дасюэ (dasjue)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: da⁴ xuo²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: daxiuo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ta²¹³ ɕyo²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: дащүә (daxüə, III-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ta⁴⁴ ɕyə²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: daai⁶ hok⁶
  - Yale: daaih hohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ hok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ hog⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² hɔːk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ai⁵ hok⁵ / ai⁵ hok^5*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ai³² hɔk̚³²/, /ai³² hɔk̚³²⁻³²⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: 'tai⁵ hoh⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈtʰai¹¹ hɔʔ²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai-ho̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: tai hog
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ hog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ hok̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: tai^˖ hog^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai³³ hok²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tai⁴ hog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰaɪ⁵³ hɔk̚⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dâi-hŏk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tai²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(h-)ouʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dai⁵ hah⁷ [Phonetic: dai⁵ ah⁷]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dāi-ha̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tai¹¹ ^(h-)aʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dai⁵ hah⁷ [Phonetic: dai⁵ ah⁷]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tai²¹ ^(h-)aʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Philippines, Penang, Singapore, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōa-o̍h
  - Tâi-lô: tuā-o̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doaxoih
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tua³³⁻²¹ ɤʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /tua⁴¹⁻²² oʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Penang): /tua²¹ oʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tua²²⁻²¹ oʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tua³³⁻¹¹ oʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Singapore): /tua²²⁻²¹ oʔ⁴³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tua²²⁻²¹ oʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-ha̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tāi-ha̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daixhak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² hak̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ hak̚⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ hak̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ hak̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ hak̚⁴/

Note:

Mainland China:
- tōa-o̍h - university;
- tāi-ha̍k - Great Learning.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: dai⁶ hag⁸ / dua⁷ oh⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tăi ha̍k / tuā o̍h
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /tai³⁵⁻¹¹ hak̚⁴/, /tua¹¹ oʔ⁴/

Note:

dai6 hag8:Mainland China;
dua7 oh8 - Malaysia.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶da-ghoq₈
  - MiniDict: da^去 ghoh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³da-hhoq₅
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /da²² ɦoʔ⁴⁴/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²da₆-ghoq₈
  - MiniDict: da^去 ghoh^入
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /dɑ²² ɦoʔ³³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: da⁴ xio⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ta̠⁴⁵ ɕi̯o²⁴/

Middle Chinese: daH haewk

Rime
Character	大	學
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	唐佐切	胡覺切
Baxter	daH	haewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑ^H/	/ɦˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑ^H/	/ɦᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑ^H/	/ɣɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/da^H/	/ɦaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/dɑ^H/	/ɣɔk̚/
Wang Li	/dɑ^H/	/ɣɔk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/dʱɑ^H/	/ɣɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	duò	xué
Expected Cantonese Reflex	do⁶	hok⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤat-s|lˤa[t]-s m-kˤruk/

(Zhengzhang): /*daːds ɡruːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	大	大	學
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dà	dà	xué
Middle Chinese	‹ da^H ›	‹ daj^H ›	‹ hæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁat-s/ (MC F!)	/*lˁa[t]-s/	/*m-kˁruk/
English	big	big	study; imitate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	大	大	學
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	1934	1939	14079
Phonetic component	大	大	學
Rime group	祭	祭	覺
Rime subdivision	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	䭾	大	學
Old Chinese	/*daːds/	/*daːds/	/*ɡruːɡ/
Notes			甲文象習持爻於膝前，金文方加子

Noun

大學

university; college (Classifier: 所 m; 間／间 c)
大學排名／大学排名 ― dàxué páimíng ― university ranking

第一志願大學／第一志愿大学 ― dìyī zhìyuàn dàxué ― first-preference university

大學招生辦公室／大学招生办公室 ― dàxué zhāoshēng bàngōngshì ― university admissions office

英國倫敦大學地質學博士 [MSC, trad.]
英国伦敦大学地质学博士 [MSC, simp.]
Yīngguó Lúndūn Dàxué dìzhìxué bóshì [Pinyin]
Ph.D. Geology, University of London

北京大學人文學部 [MSC, trad.]
北京大学人文学部 [MSC, simp.]
Běijīng Dàxué Rénwén Xuébù [Pinyin]
Division of Humanities, Peking University

這所大學有多少年了？ [MSC, trad.]
这所大学有多少年了？ [MSC, simp.]
Zhè suǒ dàxué yǒu duōshao nián le? [Pinyin]
How old is this university?

她去年嫁給了大學同學。 [MSC, trad.]
她去年嫁给了大学同学。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā qùnián jià gěi le dàxué tóngxué. [Pinyin]
She married her university classmate last year.

知識不一定完全來自於學校的教育，社會也是個大學嘛。 [MSC, trad.]
知识不一定完全来自于学校的教育，社会也是个大学嘛。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhīshí bù yīdìng wánquán láizì yú xuéxiào de jiàoyù, shèhuì yě shì ge dàxué ma. [Pinyin]
Knowledge does not come from schooling alone. Society is a kind of university.

Synonyms

(historical) 大學堂／大学堂 (dàxuétáng)

Derived terms

刊授大學 / 刊授大学
夜大學 / 夜大学
大學城 / 大学城 (dàxuéchéng)
大學生 / 大学生 (dàxuéshēng)
師範大學 / 师范大学 (shīfàn dàxué)
綜合大學 / 综合大学
虛假大學 / 虚假大学 (xūjiǎ dàxué)
野雞大學 / 野鸡大学 (yějī dàxué)
電視大學 / 电视大学 (diànshì dàxué)

Related terms

大學院／大学院 (dàxuéyuàn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (大學):

→ Japanese: 大(だい)学(がく) (daigaku)
→ Korean: 대학(大學) (daehak)
→ Vietnamese: đại học (大學)

Others:

→ Bouyei: daqxiof
→ Guiqiong: tɐɕyə
→ Uyghur: داشۆ (dashö)
→ Manchu: ᠠᠮᠪᠠ
ᡨᠠᠴᡳᡴᡡ (amba tacikū)
→ Xibe: ᠠᠮᠪᠠ
ᡨᠠᠴᡞᡣᡡ (amba tacikū)
→ Zhuang: daihhag, dayoz

Proper noun

大學

the Great Learning (one of the Four Books (四書／四书 (Sìshū)) of Confucianism)

Coordinate terms

四書五經／四书五经 (Sìshūwǔjīng, “Four Books and Five Classics”)

四書／四书 (Sìshū, “Four Books”)

大學／大学 (Dàxué, “Great Learning”)
中庸 (Zhōngyōng, “Doctrine of the Mean”)
論語／论语 (Lúnyǔ, “Analects”)
孟子 (Mèngzǐ, “Mencius”)

五經／五经 (Wǔjīng, “Five Classics”)

詩經／诗经 (Shījīng, “Classic of Poetry”)
書經／书经 (Shūjīng, “Book of Documents”)
禮記／礼记 (Lǐjì, “Book of Rites”)
易經／易经 (Yìjīng, “I Ching”)
春秋 (Chūnqiū, “Spring and Autumn Annals”)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 大學 *– see 太學 (“taixue”).* (This term is a variant form of 太學).

Japanese

Kanji in this term
大	學
だい Grade: 1	がく Hyōgai
on'yomi

Noun

大(だい)學(がく) • (daigaku)

Kyūjitai form of 大学: university, college

Korean

Hanja in this term
大	學

Noun

大學 • (daehak) (hangeul 대학)

hanja form^? of 대학 (“university, college”)

Proper noun

大學 • (Daehak) (hangeul 대학)

hanja form^? of 대학 (“Great Learning (one of the Four Books of Confucianism)”)

Coordinate terms

사서오경 (四書五經, Saseoogyeong, “Four Books and Five Classics”)

사서 (四書, Saseo, “Four Books”)

대학 (大學, Daehak, “Great Learning”)
중용 (中庸, Jung'yong, “Doctrine of the Mean”)
논어 (論語, Noneo, “Analects”)
맹자 (孟子, Maengja, “Mencius”)

오경 (五經, Ogyeong, “Five Classics”)

시경 (詩經, Sigyeong, “Classic of Poetry”)
서경 (書經, Seogyeong, “Book of Documents”)
예기 (禮記, Yegi, “Book of Rites”)
역경 (易經, Yeokgyeong, “I Ching”)
춘추 (春秋, Chunchu, “Spring and Autumn Annals”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
大	學

Noun

大學

chữ Hán form of đại học (“university, college”)

Proper noun

大學

chữ Hán form of Đại Học (“Great Learning (one of the Four Books of Confucianism)”)

Coordinate terms

Tứ thư Ngũ kinh (四書五經, “Four Books and Five Classics”)

Tứ thư (四書, “Four Books”)

Đại Học (大學, “Great Learning”)
Trung Dung (中庸, “Doctrine of the Mean”)
Luận Ngữ (論語, “Analects”)
Mạnh Tử (孟子, “Mencius”)

Ngũ kinh (五經, “Five Classics”)

Kinh Thi (經詩, “Classic of Poetry”)
Kinh Thư (經書, “Book of Documents”)
Kinh Lễ (經禮, “Book of Rites”)
Kinh Dịch (經易, “I Ching”)
Kinh Xuân Thu (經春秋, “Spring and Autumn Annals”)