肥
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Translingual
Han character
肥 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月日山 (BAU), four-corner 77217, composition ⿰月巴(GJKV) or ⿰⺼巴(HT))
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 974, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29290
- Dae Jaweon: page 1426, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2055, character 1
- Unihan data for U+80A5
Chinese
| trad. | 肥 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 肥 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 肥 |
|---|
| Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Shuowen Jiezi: Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 肉 (“meat”) + 卪 (“person kneeling”). Ji Xusheng (2004) posits that its actually a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *bɯl): semantic 肉 + abbreviated phonetic 妃 (OC *pʰɯːls, *pʰɯl).
Etymology 1
STEDT provisionally assigns this to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bu ~ bur.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): fii4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): fei1
- Northern Min (KCR): bṳ̂
- Eastern Min (BUC): bùi / pì
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bui2 / hi2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6bi; 6vi
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: féi
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: féi
- Wade–Giles: fei2
- Yale: féi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feir
- Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /feɪ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: fei2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fei
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei²¹/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fei4 / fai6
- Yale: fèih / faih
- Cantonese Pinyin: fei4 / fai6
- Guangdong Romanization: féi4 / fei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei̯²¹/, /fɐi̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: fai6 - rare.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: fei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phì
- Hakka Romanization System: piˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pi2
- Sinological IPA: /pʰi¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: pui
- Sinological IPA: /pʰui⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: pi2
- Sinological IPA: /pʰi¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bṳ̂
- Sinological IPA (key): /py³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
Note:
- bùi - vernacular;
- pì - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bui2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: búi
- Sinological IPA (key): /pui¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: bui2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pui²⁴/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hi2
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hí
- Sinological IPA (key): /hi¹³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /hi²⁴/
- (Putian)
Note:
- bui2- vernacular;
- hi2 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Penang, Longyan)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûi
- Tâi-lô: huî
- Phofsit Daibuun: huii
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui¹³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /hui²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui²³/
Note:
- pûi - vernacular;
- hûi - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: bj+j
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b][ə]r/
- (Zhengzhang): /*bɯl/
Definitions
肥
- fat; plump; obese (adjective)
- fat; fatness (noun)
- fertile
- fertiliser
- (usually derogatory) benefit; advantage; gain
Usage notes
- In northern varieties, including Standard Mandarin, 肥 (féi) is usually used for animals, and people are described as 胖 (pàng). This distinction is not seen in southern varieties, such as Cantonese, Hakka, and Min.
Synonyms
- (fat):
Dialectal synonyms of 胖 (“fat (a.)”) [map]
- (benefit):
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “fat”): 瘦 (shòu, “skinny”)
Compounds
- 乘堅策肥 / 乘坚策肥
- 乘肥衣輕 / 乘肥衣轻
- 乘輕驅肥 / 乘轻驱肥
- 乾肥 / 干肥
- 供膳甘肥
- 保肥
- 兄肥弟瘦
- 分肥 (fēnféi)
- 化學肥料 / 化学肥料 (huàxué féiliào)
- 合肥 (Héféi)
- 圊肥
- 圈肥
- 基肥 (jīféi)
- 堆肥 (duīféi)
- 壅肥
- 子夏肥
- 完全肥料
- 尿肥
- 底肥 (dǐféi)
- 廄肥 / 厩肥 (jiùféi)
- 心寬體肥 / 心宽体肥
- 挑肥揀瘦 / 挑肥拣瘦 (tiāoféijiǎnshòu)
- 揀精揀肥 / 拣精拣肥
- 損人肥己 / 损人肥己
- 擇肥而噬 / 择肥而噬
- 施肥 (shīféi)
- 春肥
- 有機肥料 / 有机肥料 (yǒujī féiliào)
- 氮肥 (dànféi)
- 水肥
- 泥肥 (níféi)
- 減肥 / 减肥 (jiǎnféi)
- 漚肥 / 沤肥 (òuféi)
- 無機肥料 / 无机肥料 (wújī féiliào)
- 燕瘦環肥 / 燕瘦环肥
- 環肥燕瘦 / 环肥燕瘦
- 瓠肥
- 甘旨肥濃 / 甘旨肥浓
- 畜肥
- 痴肥 (chīféi)
- 瘠人肥己
- 瘠己肥人
- 直接肥料 (zhíjiē féiliào)
- 硬肥皂
- 硼肥
- 磷肥
- 秋高馬肥 / 秋高马肥 (qiūgāomǎféi)
- 窖肥 (jiàoféi)
- 粒肥 (lìféi)
- 糞肥 / 粪肥 (fènféi)
- 紅瘦綠肥 / 红瘦绿肥
- 綠肥 / 绿肥 (lǜféi)
- 綠肥作物 / 绿肥作物
- 綠肥紅瘦 / 绿肥红瘦
- 肥仔 (féizǎi)
- 肥佬
- 肥冬瘦年
- 肥分
- 肥力 (féilì)
- 肥勻明秀 / 肥匀明秀
- 肥厚
- 肥吃海喝
- 肥喏
- 肥嘟嘟 (féidūdū)
- 肥土 (féitǔ)
- 肥地 (féidì)
- 肥壯 / 肥壮 (féizhuàng)
- 肥大 (féidà)
- 肥妹
- 肥婆 (féipó)
- 肥嫩
- 肥家
- 肥實 / 肥实 (féishí)
- 肥屍大隻 / 肥尸大只
- 肥差 (féichāi)
- 肥強 / 肥强
- 肥效 (féixiào)
- 肥料 (féiliào)
- 肥水
- 肥沃 (féiwò)
- 肥沃月灣 / 肥沃月湾
- 肥油 (féiyóu)
- 肥河
- 肥源 (féiyuán)
- 肥溜溜
- 肥滿 / 肥满 (féimǎn)
- 肥滾滾 / 肥滚滚
- 肥澤 / 肥泽
- 肥煤
- 肥甘
- 肥田 (féitián)
- 肥田粉
- 肥田草
- 肥瘠 (féijí)
- 肥瘦 (féishòu)
- 肥瘦兒 / 肥瘦儿
- 肥皂 (féizào)
- 肥皂劇 / 肥皂剧 (féizàojù)
- 肥皂泡 (féizàopào)
- 肥皂粉 (féizàofěn)
- 肥皂絲 / 肥皂丝
- 肥皂莢 / 肥皂荚
- 肥盛
- 肥碩 / 肥硕 (féishí)
- 肥缺 (féiquē)
- 肥羊 (féiyáng)
- 肥羊肉
- 肥美 (féiměi)
- 肥肉 (féiròu)
- 肥育 (féiyù)
- 肥肥胖胖
- 肥胖 (féipàng)
- 肥胖症 (féipàngzhèng)
- 肥腸 / 肥肠 (féicháng)
- 肥腴
- 肥腯
- 肥腸兒 / 肥肠儿
- 肥腸滿腦 / 肥肠满脑
- 肥膘 (féibiāo)
- 肥膩 / 肥腻 (féinì)
- 肥蟲蟻 / 肥虫蚁
- 肥豬 / 肥猪 (féizhū)
- 肥遁
- 肥遯 / 肥遁
- 肥遯鳴高 / 肥遁鸣高
- 肥頭大耳 / 肥头大耳 (féitóudà'ěr)
- 肥頭耷耳 / 肥头耷耳
- 肥饒 / 肥饶 (féiráo)
- 肥馬輕裘 / 肥马轻裘
- 肥鮮 / 肥鲜
- 腦滿腸肥 / 脑满肠肥 (nǎomǎnchángféi)
- 腸肥腦滿 / 肠肥脑满
- 自肥 (zìféi)
- 苦土肥料
- 葉肥 / 叶肥
- 葉面施肥 / 叶面施肥
- 裘馬輕肥 / 裘马轻肥
- 複合肥料 / 复合肥料
- 複肥 / 复肥
- 豬頭肥 / 猪头肥
- 趙禮讓肥 / 赵礼让肥
- 軟肥皂 / 软肥皂 (ruǎnféizào)
- 輕肥 / 轻肥
- 輕裘肥馬 / 轻裘肥马
- 追肥 (zhuīféi)
- 速效肥料
- 遲效肥料 / 迟效肥料
- 鉀肥 / 钾肥
- 雜肥 / 杂肥
- 非肥皂
- 食言而肥 (shíyán'érféi)
- 飫甘饜肥 / 饫甘餍肥
- 養家肥己 / 养家肥己
- 骨肥
- 魚肥 / 鱼肥
- 麵肥 / 面肥 (miànféi)
Descendants
Etymology 2
Shortened from 肥佬 (fei4 lou2), from English fail.
Pronunciation
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fei4
- Yale: fèih
- Cantonese Pinyin: fei4
- Guangdong Romanization: féi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /fei̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
肥
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (a test)
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fail (someone) in a test
References
- “肥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
肥
Readings
- Go-on: び (bi)
- Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
- Kun: こやし (koyashi, 肥やし, Jōyō)、こえ (koe, 肥, Jōyō)、こえる (koeru, 肥える, Jōyō)、こやす (koyasu, 肥やす, Jōyō)、ふとる (futoru, 肥る)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 肥 |
| こえ Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
肥 • (koe)
Compounds
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 肥 |
| ひ Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [çi]
Affix
肥 • (hi)
- (history) short for 肥国 (Hi no kuni, Hi Province, a former province in Japan)
- short for 肥前 (Hizen, Hizen Province, a former province)
- short for 肥後 (Higo, Higo Province, a former province)
- (history) short for 肥前藩 (Hizen han, Hizen domain (Saga Domain), a former domain in Japan)
- 薩長土肥
- Satchōdohi
- Satsuma Domain, Chōshū Domain, Tosa Domain and Hizen domain
- 薩長土肥
Korean
Hanja
肥 • (bi) (hangeul 비)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
肥: Hán Nôm readings: phì, phè, phề
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Zhuang
Noun
肥