豉

豉	U+8C49, 豉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8C49

← 豈
[U+8C48]

CJK Unified Ideographs

豊 →
[U+8C4A]

Translingual

Han character

豉 (Kangxi radical 151, 豆+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一廿十水 (MTJE), four-corner 1414₇, composition ⿰豆支)

Derived characters

𠽑, 𡻧

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1191, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36253
Dae Jaweon: page 1654, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3566, character 4
Unihan data for U+8C49

Chinese

simp. and trad.		豉
alternative forms		䜴𢻃敊䜵䜻䜴𢻃敊䜵䜻𩚡 ⿰豆攵

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 豉
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (支) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
支	*kje
枝	*kje
肢	*kje
汥	kje, ɡe, *ɡres
衼	*kje
馶	kje, qʰjes, kes, ɡe
鳷	*kje
忮	*kjes
伎	kjes, ɡe, *ɡreʔ
豉	*ɡjes
翅	*qʰjes
翄	qʰjes, ɡe
妓	kre, ɡreʔ
庋	kreʔ, kʷreʔ
跂	kʰeʔ, kʰes, *ɡe
蚑	kʰes, ɡe
吱	*kʰes
岐	*ɡe
歧	*ɡe
鬾	ɡre, ɡres
技	*ɡreʔ
芰	*ɡres
攱	kʷreʔ, kʷres
庪	*kʷreʔ
頍	*kʰʷeʔ
屐	*ɡreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡjes): semantic 豆 (“bean”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje).

The orthodox form in Shuowen was 𢻃, which has 尗 (“legume; bean”) instead of 豆.

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chǐ, shì (chi³, shi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔˇ, ㄕˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): si⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ

(Hailu, HRS): shi^˖

(Meixian, Guangdong): si⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): siê
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): si⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sīⁿ / sī / si

(Teochew, Peng'im): si⁷
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄔˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chǐh
  - Wade–Giles: chʻih³
  - Yale: chř
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyy
  - Palladius: чи (či)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴
  - Yale: shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
  - Palladius: ши (ši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: si⁶
  - Yale: sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: si⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: shi^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /ʃi³³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: si⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siê
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: si⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬi¹¹/
- (Xianyou, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: si⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬi²¹/
- (Youyang)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: si⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /θi²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Changtai, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Hsinchu, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: sīnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: svi
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai): /sĩ²²/
  - IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /sĩ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
  - Tâi-lô: sī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si
  - IPA (Kinmen): /si²²/
  - IPA (Lukang): /si³¹/
  - IPA (Hui'an): /si²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /si⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si
  - Tâi-lô: si
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sy
  - IPA (Longyan): /si³³⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si¹¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zy
  - MiniDict: zy^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/

Middle Chinese: dzyeH

Rime
Character	豉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是義切
Baxter	dzyeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjɛ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiə̆^H/
Li Rong	/ʑie^H/
Wang Li	/ʑǐe^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑie̯^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡjes/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	豉
Reading #	1/1
No.	17209
Phonetic component	支
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ɡjes/

Definitions

豉

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) fermented bean
- 大釜煮之，申舒如飼牛豆，掐軟便止，傷熱則豉爛。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  大釜煮之，申舒如饲牛豆，掐软便止，伤热则豉烂。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: 544 CE, Jia Sixie, Qimin Yaoshu
  Dà fǔ zhǔ zhī, shēnshū rú sì niú dòu, qiā ruǎn biàn zhǐ, shāng rè zé chǐ làn. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Compounds

欖豉 / 榄豉
淡豆豉 (dàndòuchǐ)
玉豉
蠔豉 / 蚝豉 (háochǐ)
豆豉
豆豉油
豉椒 (chǐjiāo)
豉椒炒魷 / 豉椒炒鱿
豉汁 (chǐzhī)
豉油 (chǐyóu)
豉油雞 / 豉油鸡 (chǐyóujī)
豉甲
豉羹
豉蟲 / 豉虫
豉酒
鹹豉 / 咸豉
鹽豉 / 盐豉
鹽豉湯 / 盐豉汤
麴豉 / 曲豉
麵豉 / 面豉

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 豉 – see 鹽 (“(Hokkien) to salt; irritated”). (This character is a variant form of 鹽).

References

“豉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03907
李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “豉（豆～）”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 160.

Japanese

Kanji

豉

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): し (shi)、じ (ji)
Kun: みそ (miso)

Korean

Hanja

豉 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si, Yale si)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

豉: Hán Nôm readings: thị, xị, sĩ, xệ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.