𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺
Old Uyghur
| Uyghur script | 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽳𐽺 (yypwn /yipün/) 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽳𐽺 (yypkwn /yipkün/) 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽶𐽺 (yypyn /yipin/) 𐽰𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (ʾypkyn /ipkin/) 𐽿𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (šypkyn /šipkin, ʒipkin/) |
|---|---|
| Manichaean script | 𐫏𐫏𐫛𐫇𐫗 (yypwn /yipün/) 𐫏𐫛𐫏𐫇𐫗 (ypywn /yipyün, ipyün/) |
| Brahmi script | *𑀬𑀺𑀧𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀁 (*yipyuṃ /*yipün/)[1] |
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yipkin (“purple, dark red”), from earlier *yip-, further origin unknown. Either from a derivation of Old Uyghur 𐽶𐽶𐽼 (yyp /yïp/, “string, thread, (and by extension) silk”), or from a Pre-Turkic substratum. Cognate with Karakhanid یِپْگِنْ (yipgin) and Tuvan өкпең (ökpeñ).
Adjective
𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /yipgin, yepgin/)
- purple, violet, redbud, mulberry, pink, rose, dark red
- Synonyms: 𐽽𐽳𐽴𐽰 (cwzʾ /čuʒa/), 𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽿𐽳𐽷 (kynšwk /kinšük/), 𐽾𐽴𐽰𐽱𐽾𐾀 (rzʾβrt /razavart/)
- c. 9th-11th centuries, Tantric treatise Mz732.10-13 (r10-13):[2]
- 𐽷𐽾𐽲𐽷 𐽰𐽳𐽹 𐽰𐽳𐽴𐽰𐽵 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽷𐽾𐽲𐽷 𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽳𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽾𐽳
𐽻𐽰𐽽 𐽲𐾄𐽶𐽸𐽶𐽲 𐽲𐽰𐽸𐾂𐽰𐽲𐽶 𐽶𐽶𐾁 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 𐾀𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽾 𐽻𐽳𐽰 𐽰𐽳𐽴𐾅𐽰𐽵
𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽷𐽾𐽲𐽷 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽷𐾁𐽳𐽷 𐽶𐽰𐽾𐽳𐽲𐾄 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽳𐽲𐾂
𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽲𐽳𐽸𐽶𐽺 𐽻𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽰𐽾𐽳𐽹𐽶𐽻𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽳𐽹𐽶𐽿𐽶𐽺 𐽻𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺𐽹𐽶𐽿- krqk ʾwm ʾwzʾx ʾwrmyš krqk ʾkyn ywq̈ʾrw
sʾc q̈ydyq qʾḋʾqy yyl ʾwlwq tytyr swʾ ʾwz̤ʾx
ʾwrmyš krqk ywrwnk yypyn ʾwynklwk yʾrwq̈ yʾšwq̇
ʾʾlqwdyn synkʾr yʾrwmysyn yʾšwmyšyn sʾqynmyš - / […] kärgäk[.] Om uʒaḳ urmïš kärgäk[.] Ägin yoḳaru sač ḳıdïġḳadaġï yel uluġ titir[.] Sua uʒaḳ urmïš kergek[.] Yoruŋ yipin öŋlüg yaruḳ yašuḳ alḳudïn sïŋar yarumïšïn yašumïšïn saḳïnmïš [kärgäk.]/
- […] The syllable oṃ must be written [there.] From the shoulder up to the hairline, it is said that the air is the supreme [element.] [After that,] the syllable sua[3] must be written [there.] [Then, one must] imagine a light-violet beam of light shining and illuminating all directions.
- krqk ʾwm ʾwzʾx ʾwrmyš krqk ʾkyn ywq̈ʾrw
- 𐽷𐽾𐽲𐽷 𐽰𐽳𐽹 𐽰𐽳𐽴𐽰𐽵 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽹𐽶𐽿 𐽷𐽾𐽲𐽷 𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽳𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽾𐽳
Compound terms
See also
| 𐽰𐽰𐽲 (ʾʾq /aḳ/), 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywrwnk /yürüŋ/) | 𐽼𐽳𐽴 (pwz /boz/), 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/) | 𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽰 (qʾrʾ /ḳara/) |
| 𐽰𐽰𐾁 (ʾʾl /al/), 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽶𐾁 (qyzyl /ḳïzïl/) | 𐽰𐽰𐽾 (ʾʾr /ar/), 𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽴 (yʾqyz /yaġïz/) | 𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (sʾryq /sarïġ/) |
| 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/), 𐽶𐽰𐽿𐽶𐾁 (yʾšyl /yašïl/) | ||
| 𐽽𐽰𐽽 (cʾc /čač/) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷 (kwyk /kök/) | 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽷𐽳𐽿 (kwykwš /köküš/), 𐽾𐽴𐽰𐽱𐽾𐾀 (rzʾβrt /razavart/) |
| 𐽶𐽶𐽼𐽷𐽶𐽺 (yypkyn /yipgin/) | 𐽲𐽶𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (qyzqʾn /ḳïzġan/), 𐽻𐽰𐽴𐽲𐽰𐽺 (sʾzqʾn /sazġan/) |
References
- ^ Uncertain. Attested as 𑀬𑀺𑀬𑀼 (yiyu /yi...yü.../), with the middle and the end of the word torn off.
- ^ https://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/mainz/images/mainz0732_I_seite1_detail1.jpg
- ^ Literally, “chain”, see 𐽻𐽳𐽰 (swʾ).
- Bang Kaup, Johann Wilhelm, von Gabain, Annemarie (1931) Türkische Turfan Texte V: Aus buddhistischen Schriften (in German), page 4
- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yipin, yipkin, yipün”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, pages 297, 298
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yipin/yipün”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 875
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yipgil (Hap. leg.)/yipgün”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 875, 876
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “yipgin, yipin, yipkin, yipün”, in Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen (in German), Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 905