kw-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kw"

Swahili

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *kʊ̀-.

Prefix

kw-

  1. ku class(XV) noun prefix; used before verb stem of -anza, -enda, -isha
    kwenda ― to go
  2. ku class(XV)/ku class(XVII) adjective agreement prefix before vowels
    mchana kweupe ― in broad daylight
    nyumbani kwangu ― at my home
See also
  • Appendix:Swahili noun classes
Swahili TAM markers
  • Initial
    • Positive infinitive: ku-/kw-1
    • Negative infinitive: kuto-
    • Habitual: hu-1
    • Telegrammic: ka-1
  • Final
    • General (positive indicative): -a
    • Positive subjunctive: -e
    • Negative present: -i
    • Second person plural: -ni
  • Infix position positive subject concord
    • Positive past: -li-
    • Positive present: -na-
    • Positive future: -ta-
    • Negative subjunctive: -si-1
    • Positive present conditional: -nge-
    • Negative present conditional: -singe-
    • Positive past conditional: -ngali-
    • Negative past conditional: -singali-
    • Gnomic: -a-1
    • Perfect: -me-
    • "Already" past: -lisha-
    • "Already" present: -mesha-/-sha-
    • "If/When": -ki-1
    • "If not": -sipo-
    • Consecutive: -ka-1
  • Infix position negative subject concord
    • Negative past: -ku-1
    • Negative future: -ta-
    • "Not yet": -ja-1
    • Negative present conditional: -nge-
    • Negative past conditional: -ngali-
  • Relative

1 Can take stress and therefore does not require -ku-/-kw- in monosyllabic verbs.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *kʊ́-.

Prefix

kw-

  1. it, there; ku class(XV)/ku class(XVII) subject concord used before gnomic marker (-a-); only used in kwa-
See also
Swahili verbal concords (third person)
class subject concord object concord relative
affirmative negative
m(I) a-, yu- ha-, hayu- -m-, -mw-, -mu- -ye
wa(II) wa- hawa- -wa- -o
m(III) u- hau- -u- -o
mi(IV) i- hai- -i- -yo
ji(V) li- hali- -li- -lo
ma(VI) ya- haya- -ya- -yo
ki(VII) ki- haki- -ki- -cho
vi(VIII) vi- havi- -vi- -vyo
n(IX) i- hai- -i- -yo
n(X) zi- hazi- -zi- -zo
u(XI) u- hau- -u- -o
ku(XV/XVII) ku- haku- -ku- -ko
pa(XVI) pa- hapa- -pa- -po
mu(XVIII) m-, mw-, mu- ham-, hamw-, hamu- -mu- -mo

For a full table including first and second person,
see Appendix:Swahili personal pronouns

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