Swahili
Etymology
-ogopa (“to be afraid”) + -ya (causative)
Pronunciation
Verb
-ogofya (infinitive kuogofya)
- Causative form of -ogopa: to frighten
- Synonyms: -ogofisha, -ogopesha
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ogofya
|
| Positive present
|
-naogofya
|
| Subjunctive
|
-ogofye
|
| Negative
|
-ogofyi
|
| Imperative singular
|
ogofya
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ogofya
|
| Plural
|
ogofyeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huogofya
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liogofya
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuogofya
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naogofya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaogofya/naogofya
|
tunaogofya
|
| 2nd person
|
unaogofya
|
mnaogofya
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaogofya
|
wanaogofya
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naogofya
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -ogofyi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siogofyi
|
hatuogofyi
|
| 2nd person
|
huogofyi
|
hamwogofyi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haogofyi
|
hawaogofyi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -ogofyi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taogofya
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taogofya
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ogofye)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niogofye
|
tuogofye
|
| 2nd person
|
uogofye
|
mwogofye
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aogofye
|
waogofye
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -ogofye
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siogofye
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeogofya
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeogofya
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliogofya
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliogofya
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aogofya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naogofya
|
twaogofya
|
| 2nd person
|
waogofya
|
mwaogofya
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aogofya
|
waogofya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waogofya
|
yaogofya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laogofya
|
yaogofya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaogofya
|
vyaogofya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaogofya
|
zaogofya
|
| u(XI)
|
waogofya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaogofya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paogofya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaogofya
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meogofya
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaogofya
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaogofya
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiogofya
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoogofya
|
| Consecutive
|
kaogofya / positive subject concord + -kaogofya
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaogofye
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niogofya
|
-tuogofya
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuogofya
|
-waogofya/-kuogofyeni/-waogofyeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwogofya
|
-waogofya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uogofya
|
-iogofya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liogofya
|
-yaogofya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiogofya
|
-viogofya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iogofya
|
-ziogofya
|
| u(XI)
|
-uogofya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuogofya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paogofya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muogofya
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiogofya
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ogofya- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-ogofyaye
|
-ogofyao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ogofyao
|
-ogofyayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ogofyalo
|
-ogofyayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-ogofyacho
|
-ogofyavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ogofyayo
|
-ogofyazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-ogofyao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-ogofyako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ogofyapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-ogofyamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ogofya)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeogofya
|
-oogofya
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oogofya
|
-yoogofya
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loogofya
|
-yoogofya
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choogofya
|
-vyoogofya
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoogofya
|
-zoogofya
|
| u(XI)
|
-oogofya
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koogofya
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poogofya
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moogofya
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms