竽
See also: 竿
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Translingual
Han character
竽 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹一木 (HMD), four-corner 88401, composition ⿱𥫗于)
- an ancient free reed mouth organ consisting of bamboo pipes fixed in a wind chest; it was similar to the sheng but generally larger
- a kind of musical instrument with 36 reeds
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 877, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25851
- Dae Jaweon: page 1306, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2948, character 3
- Unihan data for U+7AFD
Chinese
| trad. | 竽 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 竽 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (于) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 侉 | *qaːls |
| 夸 | *kʰʷraː |
| 姱 | *kʰʷraː |
| 胯 | *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs |
| 跨 | *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs |
| 誇 | *kʰʷraː |
| 垮 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
| 銙 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
| 骻 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
| 咵 | *kʰʷraːʔ |
| 釫 | *ɢʷraː, *qʷaː |
| 摦 | *ɡʷraːs |
| 鮬 | *pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː |
| 嶀 | *qʰʷl'aː |
| 扝 | *kʰʷaː, *qʷaː |
| 刳 | *kʰʷaː |
| 郀 | *kʰʷaː |
| 挎 | *kʰʷaː |
| 袴 | *kʰʷaːs |
| 絝 | *kʰʷaːs |
| 褲 | *kʰʷaːs |
| 恗 | *qʰaː |
| 洿 | *ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː |
| 瓠 | *ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs |
| 鄠 | *ɢʷlaːʔ |
| 污 | *qʷaː, *qʷaːs |
| 杇 | *qʷaː |
| 圬 | *qʷaː |
| 鴮 | *qʷaː |
| 盓 | *qʷaː |
| 汙 | *qʷaːs, *ɢʷa |
| 樗 | *qʰʷl'a |
| 摴 | *qʰʷl'a |
| 荂 | *pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa |
| 雩 | *qʰʷla, *ɢʷla |
| 吁 | *qʰʷa, *ɢʷas |
| 盱 | *qʰʷa |
| 訏 | *qʰʷa |
| 扜 | *qʰʷa, *qʷa |
| 旴 | *qʰʷa |
| 冔 | *qʰʷaʔ |
| 紆 | *qʷa |
| 陓 | *qʷa |
| 迂 | *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa |
| 虶 | *qʷa |
| 于 | *ɢʷa |
| 盂 | *ɢʷa |
| 竽 | *ɢʷa |
| 邘 | *ɢʷa |
| 玗 | *ɢʷa |
| 芋 | *ɢʷa, *ɢʷas |
| 杅 | *ɢʷa |
| 釪 | *ɢʷa |
| 骬 | *ɢʷa |
| 謣 | *ɢʷla |
| 宇 | *ɢʷaʔ |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yú
- Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yú
- Wade–Giles: yü2
- Yale: yú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyu4
- Yale: yùh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy4
- Guangdong Romanization: yu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: hju
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷa/
Definitions
竽
- (historical) the yu, a wind instrument used in ancient China
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
竽
Readings
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 竽 (MC hju). Compare modern Mandarin 竽 (yú).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɯ̟]
Noun
竽 • (u)
- a woodwind instrument introduced to Japan from China during the Nara period, similar to a 笙 (shō, “a kind of free-reed woodwind instrument”), but larger and one octave lower in pitch
- This instrument fell out of use for 雅楽 (gagaku, “court music”) in the mid-Heian period, and was later reconstructed after World War II based in part on artifacts at the Shōsōin.
Idioms
- 竽を好むに瑟を鼓す (u o konomu ni shitsu o kosu): “to play a bass koto to someone who likes the u” → to do something that doesn't suit a person's tastes or preferences
Derived terms
- 竽笙 (ushō)
- 竽籟 (urai)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 竽 (MC hju).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [u]
- Phonetic hangul: [우]
Hanja
Compounds
- 우뢰 (竽籟, uroe)
- 우생 (竽笙, usaeng)
- 우슬 (竽瑟, useul)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]
- Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전／漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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