誇

See also: 夸
誇 U+8A87, 誇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A87
← 誆
[U+8A86] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 誈 →
[U+8A88]

Translingual

Han character

誇 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口大一尸 (YRKMS), four-corner 04627, composition ⿰訁夸)

  1. exaggerate
  2. brag, boast
  3. flaunt

Derived characters

  • 𡀵, 𫏥

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1161, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35474
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1625, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3962, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+8A87

Chinese

trad. 誇/夸*
simp. 夸*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (于) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
侉 *qaːls
夸 *kʰʷraː
姱 *kʰʷraː
胯 *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
跨 *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
誇 *kʰʷraː
垮 *kʰʷraːʔ
銙 *kʰʷraːʔ
骻 *kʰʷraːʔ
咵 *kʰʷraːʔ
釫 *ɢʷraː, *qʷaː
摦 *ɡʷraːs
鮬 *pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː
嶀 *qʰʷl'aː
扝 *kʰʷaː, *qʷaː
刳 *kʰʷaː
郀 *kʰʷaː
挎 *kʰʷaː
袴 *kʰʷaːs
絝 *kʰʷaːs
褲 *kʰʷaːs
恗 *qʰaː
洿 *ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː
瓠 *ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs
鄠 *ɢʷlaːʔ
污 *qʷaː, *qʷaːs
杇 *qʷaː
圬 *qʷaː
鴮 *qʷaː
盓 *qʷaː
汙 *qʷaːs, *ɢʷa
樗 *qʰʷl'a
摴 *qʰʷl'a
荂 *pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa
雩 *qʰʷla, *ɢʷla
吁 *qʰʷa, *ɢʷas
盱 *qʰʷa
訏 *qʰʷa
扜 *qʰʷa, *qʷa
旴 *qʰʷa
冔 *qʰʷaʔ
紆 *qʷa
陓 *qʷa
迂 *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa
虶 *qʷa
于 *ɢʷa
盂 *ɢʷa
竽 *ɢʷa
邘 *ɢʷa
玗 *ɢʷa
芋 *ɢʷa, *ɢʷas
杅 *ɢʷa
釪 *ɢʷa
骬 *ɢʷa
謣 *ɢʷla
宇 *ɢʷaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰʷraː): semantic 言 (“words, language”) + phonetic 夸 (OC *kʰʷraː)

Etymology

Compare Burmese ကြွား (krwa:, “to boast”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 誇
Mandarin Beijing /kʰua⁵⁵/
Harbin /kʰua⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kʰuɑ²¹/
Jinan /kʰua²¹³/
Qingdao /kʰua²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kʰua²⁴/
Xi'an /kʰua²¹/
Xining /kʰua⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kʰua⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kʰua³¹/
Ürümqi /kʰua⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kʰua³⁵/
Chengdu /kʰua⁵⁵/
Guiyang /kʰua⁵⁵/
Kunming /kʰua̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /kʰuɑ³¹/
Hefei /kʰua²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kʰua¹¹/
Pingyao /kʰuɑ¹³/
Hohhot /kʰua³¹/
Wu Shanghai /kʰo⁵³/
/kʰua⁵³/
Suzhou /kʰo⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /kʰuɑ³³/
Wenzhou /kʰo³³/
Hui Shexian /kʰua³¹/
Tunxi /kʰuːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /kʰua³³/
Xiangtan /kʰuɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /kuɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kʰua⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kʰuɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰwa⁵³/
Nanning /kʰʷa⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kʰwa⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰua⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰua⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kʰua⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰua³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xua²³/
Rime
Character 誇
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 麻 (99)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 苦瓜切
Baxter khwae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kʰˠua/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʰʷᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kʰua/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kʰwaɨ/
Li
Rong 		/kʰua/
Wang
Li 		/kʰwa/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kʰwa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		kuā
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faa1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 誇
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		kuā
Middle
Chinese 		‹ khwae ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[kʷʰ]ˁra/
English boast

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 誇
Reading # 1/1
No. 15652
Phonetic
component 		于
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰʷraː/

Definitions

誇

  1. to boast; to exaggerate
  2. to praise; to commend

Synonyms

  • (to boast):
  • (to praise):
Dialectal synonyms of 誇獎 (“to praise; to compliment”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 誇獎, 稱讚, 稱許, 讚許, 嘉許, 讚揚, 誇讚
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 誇, 誇獎, 稱讚
Singapore 稱讚, 誇獎
Cantonese Guangzhou 讚, 誇獎
Hong Kong 讚
Singapore (Guangfu) 讚, 誇獎
Gan Nanchang 誇, 誇獎, 稱讚
Hakka Meixian 誇, 誇獎, 誇讚, 稱讚, 讚, 讚揚
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 阿腦, 誇獎, 稱讚
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 阿腦
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 阿腦, 誇獎
Southern Min Xiamen 呵咾
Xiamen (Tong'an) 呵咾
Quanzhou 呵咾
Zhangzhou 呵咾
Zhao'an 呵咾
Tainan 呵咾
Penang (Hokkien) 呵咾
Singapore (Hokkien) 呵咾
Manila (Hokkien) 呵咾
Chaozhou 呵咾
Shantou 呵咾, 誇獎, 誇, 讚揚, 稱讚
Singapore (Teochew) 呵咾
Leizhou 呵咾

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Vietnamese: khoe

Japanese

Kanji

誇

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. boast
  2. be proud
  3. pride
  4. triumphantly

Readings

  • Go-on: け (ke)←くゑ (kwe, historical)
  • Kan-on: か (ka)←くわ (kwa, historical)
  • Kan’yō-on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ほこる (hokoru, 誇る, Jōyō)、ほこり (hokori)

Korean

Hanja

誇 (eumhun 자랑할 과 (jaranghal gwa))

  1. hanja form? of 과 (“boast, brag”)

Vietnamese

Han character

誇: Hán Việt readings: khoa
誇: Nôm readings: khoa, khoe[1], sua[2], thua[2]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  1. ^ Hồ (1976).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Trần (2004).
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